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Poultry Prod 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does ventilation effect?

A
  • Growth and health
  • Fuel and electricity bills
  • Removes excess heat
  • Removes excess moisture
  • Minimize dust
  • Limit buildup of CO2 & NH3
  • Provide oxygen for respiration
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2
Q

How does ventilation affect birds?

A

…

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3
Q

Performance loss

A
  • no weight gain
  • feed conversion
  • disease incidence = condemnation increase
  • overall health - uniformity of flock declines
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4
Q

Growers affected

A

Increased fuel bills/costs usage

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5
Q

Air quality

A
  • O2 level = 19-21%
  • ammonia (NH3) level = <25 ppm
  • 5 mg per cubic meter dust @ bird level
  • relative humidity = 45-65%
  • CO2 level = <3000 ppm
  • CO level = <200 ppm
  • Litter moisture = 15-35%
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6
Q

Relationship between litter quality and ventilation

A

15-35% litter moisture

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7
Q

Over ventilation:

A
  • Makes litter too dry
  • RH<40% = pulls moisture out of litter
  • Barn becomes dusty
  • Condemnations in plant due to air sacculitis
  • Does not occur much during winter
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8
Q

Under Ventilation:

A
  • > 45% moisture
  • Pulling in too much cold air
  • Ammonia levels increase
  • Damaged foot pads
  • Can be too cold (during winter)
  • Increased bacteria levels
  • Coccidiosis
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9
Q

Flock Super Seven

A
  • Facility/equipment
  • Feed/Water
      • quality and availability
  • Temperature
      • zone of thermal neutrality
  • Litter Quality
      • quantity and moisture
  • Air quality
  • Sanitation
  • Stress Reduction
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10
Q

Ammonia

A

Created by bacteria that breaks down manure

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11
Q

Damages caused by ammonia:

A
  • Dust and disease pathogens enter windpipe, lungs, and air sacs
  • Depresses appetite & bird activity
  • Burns eyes causing blindness
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12
Q

Constant exposure to 50 ppm of ammonia can …

A

Reduce feed conversion by 8 points and weight by .25 lbs

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13
Q

Homeothermic

A

Produce and dissipate heat to maintain a relatively constant temperature

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14
Q

Internal Body Temperature

A

shows more variability than mammals

no absolute body temp

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15
Q

Two types of heat loss

A 
Sensible heat (dry)
Latent heat (wet)
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16
Q

Sensible heat

A

Dry

Heat given off by the body into the surrounding air

17
Q

What happens if the air around the bird is warmer than the broiler’s surface temp?

A

Birds can’t dissipate heat and heat stress will occur

18
Q

Latent heat

A

Wet
Heat given off through respiration

Moisture in lungs absorbs heat, evaporates and then is expired

19
Q

Impact of surplus heat:

A
  • decreased feed consumption
  • decreased growth rate
  • increased water consumption, feed conversion, & mortality
20
Q

Define ventilation

A

exchange of air within a house

21
Q

define set point

A

temperature setting the controller will adjust equipment in order to achieve

22
Q

define static pressure

A

difference in air pressure between outside and inside the house

23
Q

Describe static pressure

A

air pulled out of barn, creates a vacuum-static pressure is the measure of that vacuum
usually expressed as inches of water column (IWG)
Measured with a manometer

24
Q

Manometer

A

a plastic tube (like a straw) that extends between inside and outside and has water in it

inches in height difference between the two sides of tube is inches of static pressure

25
Q

Neutral or no air pressure

A

|_|
No air being pulled out or pushed in
Equal

26
Q

Negative pressure ventilation

A

|
|_|
Air being pulled out so creates a vacuum
Lower on outside end

27
Q

Positive pressure ventilation

A

|
|_|
Air is being pushed in to the point it pushes air out
Lower on barn end

28
Q

Modes of Ventilation

A

Minimum ventilation
Transitional ventilation
Tunnel ventilation

29
Q

Minimum ventilation

A
  • Winter Ventilation
  • Bare minimum of fresh air
  • Removes moisture
30
Q

Transitional Ventilation

A
  • Power ventilation

- Temperature is slightly warmer than target temp

31
Q

Tunnel Ventilation

A
  • Temperature is much warmer than target

- Pulling more air across birds for cooling

32
Q

Three Factors that Control how Air Moves in Negative Pressure

A
  • How wide the inlets are open
  • How many fans run relative to how wide inlets are open
  • Temp - warmer the air the easier it moves incoming air
  • Width of barn - wider barn must increase static pressure
33
Q

Factors that optimize heat removal in tunnel ventilation

A
  • Clean functional cool cells, free from (calcified) rocks to allow air to move
  • No leaks or cracks in the house structure
      • must be tight to contain air to allow travel from opposite ends of house
  • 600 ft3/min requirement of air speed or velocity
34
Q

Relative Humidity

A

Relationship between moisture content in air and how much the temperature can hold

35
Q

Psychometric Chart

A

The colder temp the less moisture it can hold

A small increase in temp can increase humidity rapidly

36
Q

Fan Maintenance

A

Tight belt = correct tension

Clean blades and shutters - when OFF

37
Q

Improper Insulation

A
  • Inlets are opened too small. Air pus

Smoke emitter against sidewall to find air leaks

Poultry Prod 1 (2 decks)

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