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Psychology 201 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Psychology focused on the study of consciousness-

A

exist on a continuum defined as awareness of self and environment

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2
Q

_________ Linking brain activity and mental processes

A

Cognitive Neuroscience

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3
Q

________________ Any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking beta ( awake and alert) wave state.

A

Alter states of consciousness

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4
Q

Alter states of consciousness can result

1) ________: fever, sleep deprivation, psychosis.
2) ________: sensory deprivation, hypnosis, sleep deprivation, lucid dreaming, hypnosis, meditation, drugs.

A

1) Accidently

2) intentionally

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5
Q

_______________: day dreaming, dreams, drowsiness (happens automatically)

A

spontaneously induced

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6
Q

_____________: hallucinations (sensory experiences without external sensory stimulus), starving

A

physiologically induced

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7
Q

______________: hypnosis, meditation

A

psychologically induced

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8
Q 
Dual processing-
1) Fast\ automatic      
    -emotional                    
-impulses\drives
-habits
-beliefs
unconscious (intuitive)
System 1
A

2) Slow\ effortful
-logical
- reflection
-planning
-problem solving
conscious (deliberate)
System 2

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9
Q

____________
consciously aware of only a small amount of info
- zoom in and screen out.

A

cognitive process

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10
Q

______ cannot handle information overload

A

brain

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11
Q

_______ on a particular stimulus

ex. Cocktail party effect: attend to one voice in the crowd.

A

focus

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12
Q

___________- sees if person notices a change in something.

- does not even notice large changes

A

change blindness

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13
Q

___________-

  • focused attention
  • being in the moment
  • experiencing the here and now
  • fully aware of what is going on around us
A

mindfulness

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14
Q

The mind process information on two separate tracks. What are they?

A

Conscious and unconscious

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15
Q

How much information can we attend to at one time?

A

very little

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16
Q

What is consciousness?

A

How we are in the environment. ( awareness of self) awareness of the environment

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17
Q

Daydreaming

A

spontaneously induced

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18
Q

hypnosis

A

psychologically induced

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19
Q

meditation

A

psychologically induced

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20
Q

Starvation

A

physiologically induced

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21
Q

drowsiness

A

spontaneously induced

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22
Q

one has a ___ hour biological clock

A

24

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23
Q

________ rhythm: body temp, hormones

A

circadian rhythm

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24
Q

true or false:

When we dream of performing some activity, our limbs move along with the activity?

A

False

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25
True or false: | Older adult needs sleep more than young adults
False
26
True or false: | sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams
false
27
True or false: | sleep experts recommend treating insomnia with occasional sleeping pill
false
28
True or false: | Some people dream every night; others seldom dream
false
29
Body temperature increases in the morning= ______ in melatonin
decrease
30
Body temperature decreases in the evening = ______ in melatonin
increase
31
______________ nucleus (SCN) - located in the hypothalamus. - SCN triggers the pineal gland - responsible for releasing melatonin
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
32
___________ and the delay of the sleep onset
Artificial light
33
____ minute sleep cycle - young adult- adult
90
34
__ distinct sleep stages
4
35
The four distinct sleep stages were discovered by ______ ________ in 1952
Eugene Aserinsky
36
How do we know that we have fallen asleep?
We only know when we wake up
37
Stages 1-3 =
NREM or non-rem sleep (75% of sleep)
38
Stage 4=
REM Sleep (25% of sleep)
39
NREM-__ : theta waves hallucinations possible: sensory experiences without sensory stimulus - hypnagogic: sudden jerk or falling sensation (1-7 min)
NREM-1
40
_________: sudden jerk or falling sensation (1-7 min)
hypnagogic
41
NREM-__ (20 min) sleep spindles (45% of sleep)
NREM-2
42
NREM-___ (few minutes): delta waves
NREM-3
43
Bed wetting happens at
the end of stage three (NREM-3)
44
Sleepwalking happens in
stage 3 (NREM-3)
45
Sleep talking happens in
Stage 2+ ( NREM-2+)
46
One cycle of sleep goes:
NREM-1, NREM-2, NREM-3, NREM-3, NREM-2, REM
47
_______________: internally aroused externally calm ( looks awake) Theta waves and break through beta waves.
paradoxical sleep
48
Brainstem blocks motor messages ________
REM atonia
49
VERY active brain:
creating the environment
50
_____________: emotional, story-like, hallucinating
REM dreams
51
______ hours of dreaming a year
600
52
You can dream in NREM -1-3 stages of sleep, but the dreams are
thought orientated
53
Sleep patterns maybe ____________.
genetically influenced.
54
What effects sleep patterns?
- Modern light bulbs | - shift work
55
Sleep debt last
approx., 2 weeks
56
Teenagers require ____ sleep
a lot
57
___ of students are sleep deprived.
80%
58
``` We sleep maybe 1 2 3 4 5 ```
1. sleep protects - fits ecological needs ex big animals sleep less. More or less animal sleep is based on size 2. Help to recuperate restorative value to sleep? Helps recuperate body and mind 3. Memory Process- Short term memories become long term 4. creative thinking coming up with plans; sleeping on it 5 Growth process ; Human growth hormone released during deep stages of sleep. sleep is vital for growth.
59
_______ ( Initial, middle ( fragmented sleep) , terminal. - Treat with pills\alcohol - rebound insomnia - Must be repitative and not grief created. - Must be long term month or longer
Insomnia
60
_______ - sleep attack - fall into REM - 1 in 2,000
Narcolepsy
61
_______ - Stop breathing - slow-wave sleep disturbed - fatigue\depressed next day - associated with obesity - treat with CPAP
Sleep Apnea
62
``` ______: First few hours of sleep, high arousal usually young kids and appears in boys more so then girls - associated with central nervous system - can happen and then go away ```
Night terrors
63
______________- Freud's perspective : unconscious desires\wishes ( that we can't fulfill in waking hours - Manifest content: Story line - what you report - Latent content: hidden content ( meaning) - what the psychoanalyst tells you your dream means
Wish fulfillment theory
64
________content : story line- what you report to psychoanalyst
manifest content
65
_______ content : hidden content - what they psychoanalyst tells you your dream means
latent content
66
___________ : work through day's experiences - you processing what happened throughout the day. Day life goes into dreams
information processing
67
_______________: neutral activity. Just brain being very active during REM. Nothing more than random fire of neurons
Activation synthesis
68
Parts of our brain are more ______ in sleep
active
69
Brain functioning ( ___________)
memory consolidation
70
problem solving is _______ with sleep Ex. Two groups are given a new task One group sleeps while the other group doesn't The group who sleep usually has better memory
enhanced
71
There is a _______ between mental illness and sleep disruption - In many cases, sleep disruption come first before mental illness
relationship
72
REM is _________ by alcohol and sleeping pills
inhibited
73
Night terrors happen in ________
NREM-3 of stage 3
74
Nightmares happen in _____
REM
75
NREM stands for
Non rapid eye movement
76
REM stands for ___
rapid eye movement
77
Circadian rhythm can easily be disrupted by for example
travel, moving, time change
78
A cycle of sleep last for
90 minutes
79
As the night goes on REM gets
longer
80
You spend time and what two stages later on into the night?
NREM-2 and REM
81
________ is highly effected by sleep deprivation
immune system
82
_________ falling asleep without knowing it
micro sleep
83
Sleep starts from
theta waves

Psychology 201 (1 decks)

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