Exam #2 Flashcards
Complement
Group of plasma and cell surface proteins that fight invading organisms through inflammation, phagocytosis, and lysis
Mannose Binding Protein (MBP)
Binds mannose on surface of bacteria, viruses, and parasites - tags organism for phagocytosis
Activates complement pathway
C-reactive Protein
Binds to bacterial surface, acts like opsonin (binds to an Ag to promote phagocytosis)
Activates complement
IL-10
Inhibits macrophage activity
IL 12, 18, 23
Stimulate NK cells to produce IFN-γ
IFN-α and β
Stimulate NK cells and promote class I MHC expression
IFN-γ
Produced by NK cells, activates macrophages
TGF-β
Stimulates macrophages
MHC
Major histocompatibility complex - display antigens
Class I MHC is associated with which responsive T cells?
CD8+ T Cells
Class II MHC is associated with which responsive T cells?
CD4+ T cells
Which cells express Class I MHC?
All nucleated cells
Which cells express Class II MHC?
Dendritic cells, phagocytes, B lymphocytes, endothelial cells, thymic epithelium
Src Tyrosine Kinases
c-Src, Lyn, Fyn, Lck
Syk Tyrosine Kinases
Syk, ZAP-70
Tec Family Kinases
Tec, Btk, Itk
SH2 domains
bind phosphotyrosine-containing polypeptides
SH3 domains
bind proline-rich stretches (hydrophobic areas)
PH domains
recognize PIP3 (or other phosphatidylinositol-derived lipids)
CD4 is associated with what type of T cells?
T helper
CD8 is associated with what type of T cells?
Cytotoxic T cells
Early Events in T Cell Activation
- Ag recognition - TCR complexes cluster with CD4 or CD8
- CD4-associated Lck becomes active, phosphorylates ITAMs of CD3 and zeta chains
- ZAP-70 binds phosphotyrosines of zeta chains that self-phosphorylate and are activated
- Active ZAP-70 activates (phosphorylates) adaptor proteins such as LAT
- Adaptors become docking sites for PLCγ11 and exchange factors that activate Ras and MAP kinases
PI3k
converts PIP2 to PIP3
Pro-B cells can eventually differentiate into:
follicular B cells, marginal zone B cells, and B-1 cells