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Radiology Exam 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What Beam Alignment device is used in the UNMC COD clinic?

A

RInn XCP instrument

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2
Q

How much does a Periapical radiograph capture?

A

The entire root and approximately a 2mm apical to it

Can open contacts to see interproximal caries

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3
Q

What are the different PA projections?

A 
MX CI Projection
MX LI Projection
MX C Projection
MX PM Projection
MX M Projection

MD Incisal Projection
MD C Projection
MD PM Projection
MD M Projection

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4
Q

What is the goal of a premolar PA projection?

A

To open up the interproximal contact between the 1st and 2nd PM

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5
Q

What is the goal of a molar PA projection?

A

To image the most distal tooth entirely while capturing the distal half of the 2nd PM

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6
Q

What radiographs are to be taken on an edentulous patient?

A

PAs with cotton rolls

NO BWs

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7
Q

What are the 4 occlusal projections?

A 
Topographical MX
- Examine palate and anterior teeth
Lateral MX
- Examine palatal roots of molars, locate foreign bodies in posterior maxilla
Anterior MD
- Examine anterior teeth of MD
Topographical MD
- Examine B and L aspects of MD, locate foreign bodies/salivary stones in floor of mouth
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8
Q

What could cause a tooth to have a wide PDL space?

A

Ortho treatment

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9
Q

What could cause “double lines” on a radiograph?

A

Curvature of root surfaces

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10
Q

The PDL Space should appear ____

A

Radiolucent

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11
Q

How do the trabecular spaces differ between the MX Anterior, MD Anterior and the MD Posterior?

A

MX Anterior: Fine trabecular plates, multiple small trabecular spaces

MD Anterior: Coarser trabecular plates, larger marrow spaces

MD Posterior: Sparse trabeculation, Large marrow spaces

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12
Q

Opening the contacts between MX Molars will require a more ____ angled cone

A

Mesially

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13
Q

What are Lateral Cephalometric Projections utilized for?

A
  • Evaluating the relationship between various orofacial and dental structures
  • Growth and development of the face
  • Treatment progression
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14
Q

What are Posteroanterior Projections utilized for?

A
  • Evaluation of facial symmetries

- Assessment of orthognathic surgery outcome

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15
Q

What are Waters Projections utilized for?

A

Evaluation of sinuses

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16
Q

What are Submentovertex Projections utilized for?

A

Evaluating the zygomatic arch

17
Q

What are Reverse-Towne Projections utilized for?

A

Evaluate condyle and condylar neck fractures

18
Q

Panoramic Advantages include:

A
  • Broad coverages of facial bones and teeth
  • Low radiation dose (9-24 vs 17-388 microSv)
  • Quick and convenient radiographic technique
  • Useful visual aid in patient education and case presentation
  • Can be used in patient with trismus or in patients who cannot tolerate intraoral radiography
19
Q

Panoramic Disadvantages include:

A
  • Do not provide the fine details provided by intraoral radiographs
  • Unequal magnification across image, making linear measurements
    unreliable
  • Requires accurate patient positioning to avoid positioning errors and artifacts
  • Requires careful visualization due to superimposition of real, double, and ghost images
20
Q

Image distortion of Panoramic radiographs is dependent on:

A
  • X-ray beam angulation
  • X-ray source to object distance
  • Path of rotational center
  • Position of the object within the focal trough.
21
Q

Horizontal magnification is determined by ____

A

The position of the object within the focal trough

22
Q

If an object is BUCCAL to the focal trough, it will be horizontally ____

A

Compressed

23
Q

If an object is LINGUAL to the focal trough, it will be horizontally ____

A

Magnified

24
Q

An X-Ray with a negative beam angulation will place objects closer to the source, ____ on the projection

A

Higher

25
Q

Real images are objects between the ____ and ____

A

Center of rotation

Receptor

26
Q

Double images are objects ____

A

Positioned posterior to the center of rotation

- Intercepted twice by the x-ray beam

27
Q

Hyoid bone
Epiglottis
Cervical Spine

Are all examples of ____ images

A

Double images

28
Q

Ghost images are objects between the ____ and ____

A

X-ray source

Center of rotation

29
Q

Ghost images appear ____

A

On the opposite side of its true anatomic location, at a higher level, magnified

30
Q

Ramus
Hyoid bone
Cervical spine

Are all examples of ____ images

A

Ghost

31
Q

Anteroposterior positioning of a patient for a Panoramic radiograph affects which parameters?

A

Compression or magnification

32
Q

Vertical positioning of a patient for a Panoramic radiograph affects which parameters?

A

Exaggerated or reverse smile line

33
Q

The correct vertical positioning for a Panoramic radiograph includes ____ and ____

A

Canthomeatal line parallel to floor

Occlusal place 20-30° below horizontal plane

Radiology Exam 2 (1 decks)

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