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Spine Exam > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Angle of the middle and lower facets of the cervical spine

A

45 degrees upward and forward

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2
Q

Angle of the facet joints for C1/C2

A

More horizontal than lower and middle facet

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3
Q

How are movements coupled in cervical spine

A

Upper cā€™ spine - opposite

Lower cā€™ spine - same

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4
Q

Common causes of cervical radiculopathy

A

Space occupying lesions: disc herniation, spondylitic spurs, or cervical osteophytes

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5
Q

Most common cause of cervical radiculpathy

A

Foraminal encroachment from decreased disc height and degenerative changes to uncovertebral and zygapophyseal joints

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6
Q

Movement of ribs occurs at which joints

A

Costotransverse and costovertebral

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7
Q

How much forward bending is available at the thoracic spine

A

30-40
Superior and slightly anterior gliding of inferior facet of superior vertebrae moving on superior facet of inferior vertebrae

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8
Q

How much backward bending is available at the thoracic spine

A

20-25
Inferior and slightly posterior sliding of inferior facet of superior vertebrae moving on superior facet of inferior vertebrae

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9
Q

How much rotation is available at the thoracic spine

A

30-35

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10
Q

How much lateral bending occurs in the thoracic spine

A

25-30

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11
Q

Serious conditions that can result in pain in thoracic spine

A 
Infection 
Fracture 
Neoplastic disorder 
Inflammatory disorder
Disc protrusion
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12
Q

Somatic conditions that cause thoracic spine pain

A

Facet joints
Muscles
Intervertebral discs

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13
Q

Visceral conditions that cause thoracic spine pain

A 
MI
Dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm 
Peptic ulcer
Acute cholecystitis 
Pancreatitis 
Renal colic 
Acute pyelonephritis
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14
Q

Cervical radiculpathy cluster

A

ULTT 1
Spurlings A
Distraction
IL cervical rotation of 60 degrees or less

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15
Q

Patients likely to respond to cervical traction and exercise

A 
Peripheralization with lower cervical spine PA mobility 
Positive shoulder abduction test
Age >55
Positive ULTT 1
Positive neck distraction test
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16
Q

Predictors of short term outcomes with cervical radiculopathy

A

Multimodal treatment
Younger age (less than 54)
Looking down does not worsen symptoms
Dominant arm is not affected

17
Q

Likely to respond to thoracic manipulation

A 
Symptoms less than 30 days
No symptoms distal to shoulder
Looking up does not aggravate symptoms 
FABQ less than 12
Diminished upper thoracic spine kypohsis 
Cervical extension ROM less than 30
18
Q

MDC of NDI

A

5 in patients with neck pain

Up to 10 in patients with cervical radiculopathy

19
Q

MCID of NDI

A

Greater than 5 if musculoskeletal

Greater than 7 when pain is neural

20
Q

Contraindications of cervical manipulation

A 
Post-partum 
Anti-coagulant therapy 
RA
Downs syndrome 
Trauma 
Fracture/dislocation 
Ligamentous instability 
Unexplained weight loss 
History of cancer
Severe night pain 
Pain worse when lying down 
Fever
IV drug use 
Steroid use
21
Q

Patient education for cervical patients

A

Posture correction
Pain control
Decreased stress
Correct body mechanics

22
Q

Muscles for OA

A

Upper trap
Suboccipitals
SCM

23
Q

Muscles for AA

A

CL levator scapulae

24
Q

Muscles for opening

A

Levator scapulae
Spinalis cervicis
Posterior scalene

25
Q

Muscles for closing

A

Middle scalene

Anterior scalene

26
Q

CPR for good response to cervical manipulation

A

Symptoms less than 38 days
Positive expectation manipulation will help
Side to side difference in cervical rotation ROM greater than 10 degrees
Pain with PA spring testing of middle cervical spine

27
Q

Supine progression - max protection

A

Flex arms to 90
Abduct arms to 90
ER arms at side

28
Q

Supine progression - mod to min protection

A

Flex to full range
Abduct to full range
PNF D2

29
Q

Prone progression - max protection

A

Scapular squeeze with shoulder ER with arms at side

Scapular squeeze in 90/90

30
Q

Prone progression - mod to min protection

A

Elevate shoulders to full flexion
Scapular adduction with arms at 90
Diagonal pattern

31
Q

Postural sequence exercise

A 
Chest lifts
Axial extension
Chin tucks 
Shoulder roll
Lumbar roll

Spine Exam (3 decks)

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