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Planets Moons and Rings > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mercury Terrain

A

Heavily cratered, inter-crater plains, scarps, caloris basin, smooth plains, antipodal (opposite side) “weird terrain”

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2
Q

MESSENGER

A

Visited Mercury, shows huge partly liquid core, maybe ice deposits at poles

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3
Q

Venus Terrain

A

Highlands and lowlands… was there a giant cataclysm 500 million years ago? or was it resurfaced some other way?

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4
Q

Venus Geological Activities

A

Volcanoes include shields, domes, and pancakes (different lava viscosity).
No evidence of plate tectonics, but local tectonic features

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5
Q

Venus future exploration

A

Fly or land, take pictures, sample rocks, look for venus quakes

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6
Q

Mars Terrain

A

cratered south and volcanic north, Giant canyons (Valles Marineris)

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7
Q

Mars Geological activities

A

Giant volcanos (Olympus Mons). Tectonic extensions created Valles Marineris.

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8
Q

Mars evidence of past water

A

rampart craters, dendritic channels, tear-shaped islands, deltas, gullies

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9
Q

Mars atmosphere

A

early thick atmosphere provided greenhouse, but now it is lost (giant impact? stalled tectonics, or solar wind stripping because mag field left when core froze)

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10
Q

MER

A

aquatic minerals, multiple stages of wet dry; bluberries

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11
Q

Phoenix

A

excavated ice under surface, plygon surface shows freeze-thaw cycle

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12
Q

MSL

A

shows gravel bed (stream beds), conglomerates

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13
Q

Life on Mars

A

None apparent yet

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14
Q

Where to look for life on other planets

A

Follow the water, methane gas (possible bio-signature), Look for fossils in hot springs or lakebeds or permafrost

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15
Q

Planetary Protection

A

Protect mars from earth contamination or vice versa

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16
Q

Comparitive Planetology

A
  • suffered late heavy bombardment,
  • early stage of basaltic volcanism,
  • smaller planets have cooled and are now geologically dead.
  • Maria indistinguishable (moon, mercury, mars)
  • venus, earth were similar when life arose
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17
Q

How many worlds orbit the Jovian planets?

A

more than 170

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18
Q

What makes the jovian moons active?

A

Tides and orbital resonances

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19
Q

What moons have erupted water?

A

Europa, Ganymede, Enceledus

20
Q

What causes Jovial moon volcanic activity

A

Orbital resonances -> elliptical orbit -> tital heating -> volcanoes

21
Q

Where to look for life on jovial moons?

A

Underground oceans… most like earth conditions

22
Q

How many moons does saturn have?

A

62+

23
Q

What is the source of Saturn’s E ring

A

Enceladus erruptions

24
Q

What might have been captured from the Kuiper Belt?

A

Phoebe

25
Q

Titan

A
  • methane clouds, rain, streams, lakes
  • Nitrogen atmosphere (1.5 bar)
  • Underground reservoirs and aquifers
  • Too cold for life as we know it (but may be like early earth)
  • surface dunes and intermittent streams
26
Q

How many moons does uranus have?

A

21

27
Q

Miranda

A

Uranus - Cliffs indicate reassembled satellites

28
Q

Cordelia and Ophelia

A

Uranus - sheppard the largest Uranian ring

29
Q

Triton

A

Neptune - retrograde orbit, likely captured

Cantaloup terrain, flood plane, wind streaks

30
Q

Icy Satellites

A

Active because of tides, ice melts easier than rock

Rocky cores with icy (liquid?) mantels, Icy cratered crust

31
Q

Volcanically active moons

A

Io, Enceladus, Triton

32
Q

circumference of sphere

A

2(pi)R

33
Q

surface area of sphere

A

4(pi)R^2

34
Q

single plate tectonic resurfacing time eq

A

T = circumference / rate

35
Q

multiple plate tectonic resurfacing time eq

A

T = circumference / (number of plates * rate)

36
Q

Volcanic resurfacing rate equation

A

R = num of volc * rate / surfarea

37
Q

Why is permanent polar cap a good place to look for life?

A

it is made of water/ice

38
Q

Why is under the surface a good place to look for life?

A

Permafrost is a water source

39
Q

Why ar Geothermal Areas a good place to look for life?

A

Can melt ice to make water

40
Q

Why are Ancient streams and lake beds a good place to look for life?

A

Were once wet, look for fossils

41
Q

Pressure equation

A

P = Mass * g / Surfarea

42
Q

density of water

A

1g/cm^3 (or 100kg/m)

43
Q

Bar to STI

A

1 Bar = 1kg/(s^2 * m)

44
Q

Mariner

A

channels, rampart craters

45
Q

Viking

A

water frost on cold mornings, permanent H20 cap

46
Q

Mars Pathfinder

A

tumbled rocks

47
Q

Mars global surveyor

A

gullies, channels

Planets Moons and Rings (3 decks)

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