Exam 2

Question 1

Alexander the Great

Answer 1

Hellinistic at began after his death

Question 2

Apotropaic device

Answer 2

• protective device intended to turn away harm or evil influences, like dream catcher
• can also be used as good luck charm

Question 3

aqueduct

Answer 3

constructed water supply systems

Question 4

arch

Answer 4

used to erect arch structures such as bridges, aqueducts, and gates

Question 5

axiality

Answer 5

• axis that runs from top to bottom of a space
• temple looks down along axis
• coherrent experience of culture, government, and power

Question 6

cardo

Answer 6

city street that runs north-south

Question 7

decumanus

Answer 7

city street that runs east-west

Question 8

castrum

Answer 8

fort

• triumphal arch
• serves as a reminder to who is in power
• shows godlike status

Question 9

contrapposto

Answer 9

“cocktail party” pose, natural standing pose

• human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot
• shoulders and arms twist off axis from hips and legs

Question 10

Corinthian capital

Answer 10

has acanthus

• decorative plants entirely around top of view
• this solves the 360 degree problem
• still maintains iconic order
• temple has continuous frieze

Question 11

engaged column

Answer 11

• a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall, sometimes defined as semi or three-quarter detached
• found in Maison Carree at Nimes

Question 12

forum

Answer 12

place where market, government buildings, and temple reside

-economy, state, and religion all in one place

Question 13

frontal dominance

Answer 13

• approaching temple from front
• grand, consistent facade
• one way into temple

Question 14

Grid plan

Answer 14

• classes: artisans, farmers, soldiers

- right angle streets form insulae (or city blocks)

Question 15

herm

Answer 15

apotropaic device

-stone post with male head on top of erected penis

Question 16

Hippodamus of Miletus

Answer 16

• considered to be “father” of urban planning

- originator of the idea that a town plan might formally embody and clarify a rational social order.

Question 17

insulae

Answer 17

-city blocks

Question 18

lekythos

Answer 18

-used for anointing dead bodies of unmarried men and many lekythoi are found in tombs

Question 19

satyr

Answer 19

one of a class of lustful, drunken woodland gods. In Greek art they were represented as a man with a horse’s ears and tail, but in Roman representations as a man with a goat’s ears, tail, legs, and horns.

Question 20

stele

Answer 20

-stone or wooden slab, erected as a monument, used for funerary or commemorative purposes

Question 21

totemic

Answer 21

-a belief in which each human is thought to have a spiritual connection or a kinship with another physical being, such as an animal or plant, often called a “spirit-being” or “totem.” The totem is thought to interact with a given kin group or an individual and to serve as their emblem or symbol.

Question 22

voussoir

Answer 22

-a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, used in building an arch or vault

Question 23

wet drapery

Answer 23

-a technique developed by Ancient Greek artist that allowed the clothing (drapes) to have a more fluid and flowing look. This “flow” helped to show movement and shape beneath the clothes donned by sculptures.