Exam 2 Flashcards
access point
any word or phrase used to obtain info from a retrieval tool or other organized system; in cataloging and indexing access points are specific names, titles and subjects chosen by the cataloger or indexer when creating a surrogate record or metadata to allow for the retrieval of the record.
AACR2r/RDA
Anglo american cataloging rules, 2nd ed revised/Resource description and access–A content standard to being developed to replace aacr2r.
set of rules published in 1978 for producing name and descriptive access points part of surrogate record.
additional access point/added entry
any access point in the metadata record other than the primary access point.–added entries under the heading.
application profile
a document that describes a communities recommended best practices for metadata creation; a formal way to declare which elements from which namespaces are used in particular application or project by a particular community.
Assembly of metadata elements selected from one or more schema and combined in a compound schema
authority control
maintaining consistency in access points
showing relationships among names works and subjects–important for collocation
authority file
a collection of authority records
authority record
a compilation of metadata about a person, family, corporate body, place, work or subject; it includes all the decisions made and all the relationships among variants that have been identified in the process of authority work.
back-of-the-book index
an alphabetical list of entries for the major subjects, authors and works referred to in an information resourc. each entry is accompanied by references or pointers (eg page #s) to the locations in the resource that contain info about that entry. on the wed these are a-z indexes with direct links to entries.
bibliographic control
operations by which recorded info is organized or arranged according to standards.
the process of describing items in the bibliographic univerese, then providing name, titles, and subject access to the descriptions resulting in a record that serves as a surrogate for the actual items of recorded info. biblio control further requires that surrogate records be placed intoi retrieval systems where they act as pointers to actual info resources.
bibliographic record
full descriptive and access info for an info resource; later terms used for info resources are surrogate record and metadata.
BR equivalence relationship
Found in exact copies of the same manifestation of a work including copies, issues, facsimiles, reprints, photocopies, microforms and other such reproductions
BR derivative relationship
found in modifications based on particular manifestations include editions, revisions, adaptations, changes of genre, etc.;
BR descriptive relationships
Found in description, criticisim, evaluation, or review of work; include book reviews annotated editions, critiques.
BR whole-part relationship
found in component part of a larger work on in the relationship between a work and each of its various parts; includes sections of anthologies or collections, articles from journals, maps in atlases
BR accompanying relationship
found in bibliographic manifestations that are created for the purpose of complementing particular works; they can compliment equally or one can be the predominent items includes texts with supplements (like teachers manuals or kits)
BR Sequential relationships
found in bibliographic manifestations that continue or procede other maniestations; include successive titles of a serial, sequels and prequels, parts in a numbered series
BR shared characteristic relationships
found in any works that coincidentally share characteristics in common, such as common authors, titles, subjects, language
book number/book mark
shelf listing device one or more characteristics used to distinguish individual items from all other items having the same class subject etc.
Boolean operators/searching
the terms AND OR and NOT as used to construct search topics through post-coordinate indexing
the process of searching with indv. index terms or keywords that are linked with boolean operators or using a system where operators are implied if not specified.
broad vs. close classification
a method of applying a classification scheme that uses only the main classes and divisions of a scheme and perhaps only one or two levels of subdivision.
VS. classification that uses all the minute subdivisions that are available in particular classification for very specific subjects
call number
a notation on an information resource that matches the same notation on a surrogate record it is the number used to call an item in a closed stack library
Class
a set whose members share a common feature
citation order
the order in which parts of compoud subjects are combined when creating classmark or subject heading
LCSH–When starting with a topical heading
topic (may be sbd. geog)–place–topic–time–form
when starting with place name
place–topic–time–form (last)
class–main class
primary division of classification scheme (based on traditional academic disciplines)
class–subclasses
ordering principles may vary
- -general before specific
- -increasing concreteness
- -chronological
- -evolutionary
- -alphabetical
class–sibling
different but related subclasses under a main class hierarchy.
class mark
part of a call number taken from the classification schedule for the subject covered
classification
the placing of subjects into categories –process of determining where an information resource fits into a given hierarchy and often assigning notation associated with the appropriate level of hierarchy to the information resource an its surrogate.
classification scheme
a specification of a systematic organization of knowledge
classification notation
a code (number letter or symbol with specific order used to signal the arrangement of the schedule and to file items on the shelf.
classification schedule
subject listed systematically showing relationships
hierarchical classification
top down approach, From general to specific
Classes are subdivided to create smaller/ more
specific classes through successive subdivision
enumerative classification
Attempts to assign a designation for every
subject concept required in the system
Main disciplines, subclasses, subdivisions…
Examples:
LCC (more enumerative than hierarchical)
DDC (more hierarchical than enumerative)
analytico-synthetic/faceted classification
“The subject of a document is analyzed into its
constituent parts and the codes for these are
synthesized or joined together to create the
classmark” ~Broughton (2004, p. 33)
Facet
“A fundamental aspect, feature, or characteristics used in
describing a topic, idea, or object”
~Taylor, p. 455.
classificationist
The development of schemes for the systemic
display of all aspect of the various fields of
knowledge
classifier
The art of arranging books or other objects in
conformity with such schemes”
collocation
the bringing together of records and/or info resources that are related in some way (eg same author, same work, same subject)
colon classification
classification scheme devised by SR Ranganathan in the 30s; it was the first fully faceted classification scheme
controlled vocbulary
a list or database of terms in which all terms or phrases representing a concept are brought together. often a preferred term or phrase is designed for use in surrogate records in a retrieval tool. he terms not to be used have referenced from them to the chosen term or phrase
scope note
a statement delimiting the meaning and associative relations of a subject heading, index term, or classification notation
See also note (SA)
provides additional information about relationships with other headings
CV equivalence relationships
USE, UF (USED FOR)
CV hierarchical relationships
BT (Broader Term), NT (Narrower Term)
CV associative relationships
RT (Related Term)
conceptual analysis
an examination of the intellectual or creative contents of an info resource to understand what an item is
crosswalks
visual instruments for showing equivalent values in two or more schemes; for example, a crosswalk could be used to show which element in one metadata standard matches a particular element in another standard or what classification in ddc is equivalent in lcc.
cutter number
a designation that has the purpose of alphabetizing all works that have exactly the same classification notation; named for charles cutter
depth indexing
indexing that extracts all the main concepts dealt with in an info resource-recognizing many subtopics and subthemes
descriptive cataloging
the process of providing the descriptive data and access points (other than subject) for surrogate records that are to be part of a catalog
descriptor
subject concept term, representing a single concept, usually found in a thesauri and used indexes
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC)
Clasification devised by Melvil Dewey in 1876; it devides the world of knowledge hierarchically into 10 divisions which are devided into 10 sections using the ten digits of the arabic numerals. DDC is enumerative but with many faceting capabilities
direct entry
a principle in the formulation of controlled vocabs that stipulates the entry of a concept directly under the term that names it, rather than the subdivision of broader conceptts
document type definition (DTD)
an SGML or XML application; defines the structure of a particular type of document
dublin core
an internationally agreed upon set of elements that can be completed by the creator of an electronic document in order to create a metadata record for the document. 15 elements are broad and generic and therefore can be used to describe a wide range of resources
element
an individual category or field that holds an individual piece of description of an info resource; typical metadata elements include title creator creation date, subject identification
encoding
the setting off of each part of a record so that the part can be displayed in certain positions according to the wishes of those creating the display mechanism so that certain parts of the record can be searchable
entity-relationship model
data analysis method used to describe the requirements and assumptions in the system. these models compromise three components; entities are the things about which info is sought attributes are the data collected about things and relationships provide the structure for relating things within the system. FRBR is based on this type of modeling
exhaustivity
the number of concepts that will be considered in the process of providing subject analysis two basic degree of exhaustivity are depth indexing and summarization
expressive notation/expressiveness
refers to a system of notation in which the symbol reflects the structure of classification
extensibility
the ability to use additional metadata elements and qualifiers to adapt to the specific needs of a community or project
