EXAM 2 Flashcards
Community capacity is the characteristics of communities that affect their ability to identify, mobilize, and address social and public health problems.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The process for people to gain mastery over their lives and the lives of their communities is social capital.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of the community are referred to as gatekeepers.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
When mapping community capacity, primary building blocks are the most accessible assets.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Health education and health promotion are terms that can be used interchangeably.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Those who the health promotion program is intended to serve are the priority population.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
“To help employees learn how to manage their stress,” is an example of a program objective.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
“By the end of the year, all senior citizens who requested transportation to the congregate means will have received it,” is an example of a well written program objective.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
A trial run of an intervention is a pilot test.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Evaluation that is done during the planning and implementing processes is summative evaluation.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
An activity or activities designed to create change in people is a needs assessment.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
If those who initiate community organization are members of the community, the movement is referred to as being grass-roots.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
There is one single, best preferred method for organizing a community.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
In using a generic approach for community organizing, the first step in the process is recognizing the issue.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
A formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal is a coalition.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Relationships and structures within a community that promote cooperation for mutual benefit describes A. community capacity B. social capital C. community organizing D. locality development
SOCIAL CAPITAL
An assumption one can make while organizing a community is
A. people have no capacity to deal with their own problems
B. people have no ability or desire to change
C. changes that are self-imposed have less value than imposed changes
D. people should participate in making, adjusting, or controlling the major changes within their communities
PEOPLE SHOULD PARTICIPATE IN MAKING, ADJUSTING, OR CONTROLLING THE MAJOR CHANGES WITHIN THEIR COMMUNITIES
A method of community organization that is useful during movements, such as the gay rights movement, is A. locality development B. social planning C. social action D. gatekeeping
SOCIAL ACTION
An example of a community gatekeeper is A. a politician B. a teacher C. a member of the clergy D. all of the above
ALL OF THE ABOVE – A POLITICIAN, A TEACHER, A MEMBER OF THE CLERGY
A temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problems is a A. coalition B. task force C. gatekeeper D. priority population
TASK FORCE
When mapping community capacity, the least accessible assets are A. primary building blocks B. secondary building blocks C. tertiary building blocks D. potential building blocks
POTENTIAL BUILDING BLOCKS
The final steps in community organizing/building include A. needs assessment B. looping back C. program planning D. arriving at a solution
LOOPING BACK
A process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population is A. program planning B. health promotion C. needs assessment D. program evaluation
PROGRAM PLANNING
The means by which structure and organization are given to the planning process are A. planning models B. interventions C. outcomes D. evaluations
PLANNING MODELS
The process of collecting and analyzing information to develop an understanding of the issues, resources, and constraints of the priority population to better develop a health promotion program is
A. a needs assessment
B. setting appropriate goals and objectives
C. creating an intervention
D. pilot testing
A NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Program goals
A. are more encompassing than objectives
B. are easier to complete than objectives
C. have specific deadlines
D. are measured in exact terms
ARE MORE ENCOMPASSING THAN OBJECTIVES
“When asked in class, 50% of the students will be able to list the four principles of cardiovascular conditioning,” is an example of a A. process objective B. behavioral objective C. learning objective D. outcome objective
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Implementing an intervention with a series of small groups instead of the entire population is A. pilot testing B. full implementation C. phasing in D. best practices
PHASING IN
The evaluation that focuses on immediate observable effects of a program is A. formative evaluation B. impact evaluation C. outcome evaluation D. process evaluation
IMPACT EVALUATION
For community organizing/building and health promotion programming efforts to be successful, people must A. change their behavior B. be voluntary participants C. be community gatekeepers D. be a part of the planning committee
CHANGE THEIR BEHAVIOR
Schools have immeasurable potential for affecting the health of children, their families, and the health of the community.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Coordinated School Health Programs are implemented the same way in each school district in the United States.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The coordination of the various components of the Coordinated School Health Program is the primary role of the school nurse.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The ideal school health council would include representation from a wide variety of school personnel, community members, and community health agencies.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
On an average day, teachers spend more waking hours with school-aged children than do the parents of many children.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
School health policies include laws, mandates, regulations, standards, resolutions, and guidelines to provide a foundation for school district practices and procedures.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
All school districts are required to have at least one full-time school nurse.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Health and success in school are interrelated.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The School Health Policies and Practices Study is a national survey conducted by a division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
School districts in the United States are required to have a school health coordinator.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
School health services are those provided by the school health workers to appraise, protect, and promote the health of students.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The portion of the school environment that encompasses attitudes, feelings, and values of students and staff is the physical environment.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Things like indoor air quality, lighting, playgrounds, and school bus safety are part of the school’s psychosocial environment.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The written plan for school health education is referred to as the health sequence.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Controversial topics are a leading challenge to the implementation of a school health curriculum.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Components of the Coordinated School Health Program include A. physical education B. nutrition services C. health promotion for staff D. all of the above
ALL OF THE ABOVE – PHYSICAL EDUCATION, NUTRITION SERVICES, AND HEALTH PROMOTION FOR STAFF
The group whose primary role is to provide coordination of the various components of the Coordinated School Health Program is the A. school health council B. health teachers C. school nurses D. school health coordinators
SCHOOL HEALTH COUNCIL
Providing direct health care to students and staff, providing screening and referral for health conditions, and promoting health are all responsibilities of the A. health teachers B. school nurses C. school health council D. school health coordinators
SCHOOL NURSES
Numerous resources became available to help schools develop policies because of the requirements of
A. Action for Healthy Kids
B. the National School Health Coordinator Leadership Institute
C. the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004
D. the American Academy of Pediatrics
THE CHILD NUTRITION AND WIC REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2004
The part of the health curriculum that outlines what will be taught is the A. scope B. sequence C. policy D. Coordinated School Health Program
SCOPE
Priority health content for a school health curriculum includes A. healthy eating B. diabetes management C. autoimmune disorders D. body systems’ function
HEALTHY EATING
Priority health content for a school health curriculum includes A. mental and emotional health B. tobacco C. personal health and wellness D. all of the above
ALL OF THE ABOVE – MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH, TOBACCO, AND PERSONAL HEALTH AND WELLNESS
Barriers to school health education include
A. over-enforcement by state and local education policymakers
B. excessive support from administration
C. lack of time in the school year/day
D. none of the above
LACK OF TIME IN THE SCHOOL YEAR/DAY
The primary responsibility for the health of school-aged children lies with A. their parents/guardians B. the school teachers C. the community D. the school board
THEIR PARENTS/GUARDIANS
Which individuals are most often selected as the coordinator of the school health council?
A. counseling personnel and social workers
B. physical education teachers
C. parents or outside community leaders
D. school nurses and health educators
SCHOOL NURSES AND HEALTH EDUCATORS
The majority of school-based health centers are found in
A. a building adjacent to the school
B. the school building
C. a central community location
D. in the administrative offices of the school district
THE SCHOOL BUILDING
Most school-based health centers operating today are in A. rural areas B. urban areas C. elementary schools D. mobile health center units
URBAN AREAS
Because of the low priority given to health in many school districts, much of the health education is provided by
A. individuals other than health education specialists
B. health education specialists
C. nurses and licensed dieticians
D. physicians
INDIVIDUALS OTHER THAN HEALTH EDUCATION SPECIALISTS
The general public has become more aware of violence in schools because of
A. the marketing efforts schools have placed on violence prevention
B. the number of high-profile incidents of violence in schools across the country
C. gun control laws
D. the Coordinated School Health Program
THE NUMBER OF HIGH-PROFILE INCIDENTS OF VIOLENCE PREVENTION
A common topic of controversy in school health education is A. nutrition B. suicide C. alcohol D. violence
SUICIDE
The mortality rates of children have gone down significantly in the past couple of decades.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Teenage women who give birth are less likely than women age 20 and older to have that birth outside of marriage.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
A teenage mother is at greater risk for pregnancy complications than a mother older than 20.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Approximately one-half of pregnancies in the United States are unintended.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Unintended pregnancy is more likely than intended pregnancy to result in early prenatal care.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The “gag rule” regulations on discussing abortion in family planning clinics has been stable and unchanged since its enactment in 1984.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Maternal mortality rates are the most severe measure of ill health for pregnant women.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
A medical doctor who specializes in the care of newborn children up to two months of age is a neurologist.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Babies born prior to 37 weeks of gestation are referred to as premature, or preterm births.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies be breast-fed for the first year of life.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Sleeping on the side or back rather than the stomach greatly increases the risk of SIDS among healthy full-term infants.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of mortality in children.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Title V is the only federal legislation dedicated to promoting and improving the health of our nation’s mothers and children.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
FMLA provides paid family leave for women and men after the birth of a child.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The majority of individuals enrolled in the WIC program are infants.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and supported regarding their healthy development is the A. WIC program B. family C. Children’s Defense Fund D. Maternal and Child Health Bureau
FAMILY
Teenagers who become pregnant and have a child are more likely than their peers who are not mothers to
A. stay in school
B. not get married or have a marriage end in divorce
C. be financially stable
D. none of the above
NOT GET MARRIED OR HAVE A HAVE A MARRIAGE END IN DIVORCE
Approximately how many teenage girls in the United States get pregnant at least once before the age of 20? A. one-third B. one-half C. 5% D. 65%
ONE-THIRD
Groups at higher risk of unintended pregnancy are A. older women B. those with advanced education C. those living in poverty D. those in a long-standing marriage
THOSE LIVING IN POVERTY
The process of determining the preferred number and spacing of children in one’s family and choosing the appropriate means to achieve this preference defines A. prenatal care B. family planning C. maternal health D. infant morbidity
FAMILY PLANNING
Title X was signed into law to provide
A. family planning services and help to all who wanted them but could not afford them
B. free abortions to all who wanted them but could not afford them
C. WIC services to women who were pregnant and could not afford healthy food
D. well-baby care
FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES AND HELP TO ALL WHO WANTED THEM BUT COULD NOT AFFORD THEM
Those served by family planning clinics funded by Title X are predominantly A. middle aged B. poor C. insured D. those with more than one child
POOR
The overwhelming majority of all abortions are performed on A. unmarried mothers B. black mothers C. those ages 25–34 D. those over the age of 45
UNMARRIED MOTHERS
Risk assessment, treatment for medical conditions or risk reduction, and education are the major components of A. prenatal health care B. the WIC program C. family planning clinics D. neonatal care
PRENATAL HEALTH CARE
A low-birth-weight infant is one that weight less than A. 6 pounds at birth B. 6.5 pounds at birth C. 5.5 pounds at birth D. 8 pounds at birth
5.5 POUNDS AT BIRTH
An infant death is the death of a child younger than A. two months B. six months C. one year D. two years
ONE YEAR
The neonatal mortality period is death that occurs up to A. 7 days after birth B. 28 days after birth C. 6 months after birth D. one year after birth
28 DAYS AFTER BIRTH
The leading modifiable cause of low-birth-weight during pregnancy is A. alcohol use B. obesity C. folic acid intake D. cigarette smoking
CIGARETTE SMOKING
Child health is assessed for those ages A. birth to 14 years B. 1 to 14 years C. 5 to 18 years D. 5 to 12 years
1 TO 14 YEARS
The majority of unintentional deaths in children are the result of A. falls B. drownings C. SIDS D. motor vehicle crashes
MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES
Adults are categorized as those ages 25–64.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The years of life between the ages of 15 and 64 are considered some of the most productive years of people’s lives.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is considered to be a relatively easy transition for most.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The percentage of children younger than 18 living in a single-parents family has been decreasing ever since 1965.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Over the last several decades, the death rate for
adolescents and young adults has significantly increased.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Alcohol and drugs are involved in a majority of homicides.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Nearly half of all new STD cases are acquired by the 15-24-year-old population.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
When looking at violence and behaviors of high school students, females are more likely than males to get in a fight or carry a weapon.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Male high school students are more likely than female high school students to engage in sufficient physical activity.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Statistics indicate that the more education a person has, the more likely he or she is to use tobacco.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
The two factors affecting community health that need special attention when dealing with health problems of adolescents and young adults are community organizing and physical factors.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Mortality during adult years of life are primarily characterized by chronic diseases stemming from poor health behaviors and poor lifestyle choices made during the earlier years of life.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Obesity in the United States is considered an epidemic.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
About one-third of adults with hypertension are unaware they have it.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The percentage of adults with diagnosed diabetes has decreased significantly over the past 20 years.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
Adolescents and young adults are classified as those ages A. 12–20 B. 15–24 C. 18–24 D. 12–21
15-24
A critical period in life healthwise, during which many health-related beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors are adopted and consolidated is A. adolescence and young adulthood B. adulthood C. childhood D. older adulthood
ADOLESCENCE AND YOUNG ADULTHOOD
Most of the physical threat to health for adolescents and young adults stems from A. disease B. genetics C. behavior D. social class
BEHAVIOR
The diseases that cause considerable morbidity in adolescents and young adults are A. heart diseases B. lung diseases C. sexually transmitted diseases D. autoimmune diseases
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
The racial/ethnic group of high school students most likely to report current cigarette usage is A. white Americans B. black Americans C. Hispanic Americans D. Asian Americans
WHITE AMERICANS
Monitoring the Future is a current data source available regarding health behaviors of
A. high school students
B. college students
C. young adults not receiving any form of higher education
D. adolescents
COLLEGE STUDENTS
Approximately how many female college students reported experiencing some form of sexual abuse/assault in the past school year? A. 5% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%
25%
The number one cause of death in the adult age group is A. heart disease B. unintentional injuries C. cancer D. diabetes
CANCER
The best single behavioral change Americans can make to reduce morbidity and mortality is to A. stop smoking B. start exercising C. wear seatbelts D. get mammograms
STOP SMOKING
For adults, the greatest risk of injuries involve A. falls B. drug overdose C. motor vehicles D. drownings
MOTOR VEHICLES
Exercise and nutrition programs that help reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease for adults are examples of A. primary prevention B. secondary prevention C. tertiary prevention D. none of the above
PRIMARY PREVENTION
Programs for adults that emphasize self of clinical screenings to identify and control disease processes in their early stages, such as mammography, are examples of A. primary prevention B. secondary prevention C. tertiary prevention D. none of the above
SECONDARY PREVENTION
Homicide and suicide rates for adolescents and young adults have
A. increased significantly over the last 50 years
B. decreased significantly over the last 50 years
C. stayed the same over the last 50 years
D. increased slightly over the last 50 years
INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY OVER THE LAST 50 YEARS
The highest rates of smokeless tobacco use in high school students is in A. black males B. Hispanic males C. black females D. white males
WHITE MALES
An increase in federal tobacco taxes is being used to help fund
A. the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
B. Social Security
C. WIC
D. political campaigns
THE STATE CHILDREN’S HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM (CHIP)
