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Social Work > Exam #2 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Piaget’s Cognitive Stages

A

preoperational thought, egocentrism, animism

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2
Q

object permanence

A

things still exist even though you are not able to see them

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3
Q

Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages

A

initiative vs guilt; motor, cognitive, fantasy, imaginative and language activities; mastery in these areas help them feel competent

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4
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

belief in the superiority of one’s own ethnic group

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5
Q

Prejudice

A

generalized negative attitude towards a group

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6
Q

Discrimination

A

acting on the prejudice

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7
Q

Individual Racism

A

acts of prejudice, ignorance and hatred

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8
Q

Institutional Racism

A

policy, practice and laws

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9
Q

Theories of Prejudice

A

frustration aggression theory- personal unfulfillment are scapegoated to weaker groups
authoritarianism- people who discriminate have a certain personality type, strict rigid and intolerant

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10
Q

Different temperaments of babies

A

EASY- happy baby, normal sleeping cycle, and calm
SLOW TO WARM UP- very few intense reactions, low activity level, very “boring” babies
DIFFICULT- bad mood, intense reactions, irregular pattern of sleeping and eating, and has difficulty adjusting

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11
Q

Attachment Theories

A

Bowlby’s attachment theory- the monkeys (mom is not just food but she gives nurturing and soothing vibes to the baby)

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12
Q

Types of Attachment (Ainsworth)

A

SECURE- baby will explore the room, goes to mom then plays with toys, mom leaves, the baby cries until mom comes back
ANXIOUS- the same but when mom comes back the baby does not stop crying, because it is unsure that the mom will stay or leave again
AVOIDANT- baby does not care if the mom is there or not

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13
Q

Attachment Problems

A

SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER- the baby never gets over mom leaving (7 yr old crying when mom drops him off)
REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER- inhibited (emotionally withdrawn, does not seek comfort, does not want to be touched); disinhibited (too friendly, poor boundaries, extremely personal)

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14
Q

Failure to Thrive

A

when children do not gain as much weight as normal children their age; not growing

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15
Q

Telegraphic Communication

A

(18-24 months) the baby may be able to put a couple words together

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16
Q

Holophrastic Communication

A

(10-18 months) one word will have many different meanings (baba: milk, blanket, binkie, and mommy)

17
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

(7-12 months) if the baby does not recognize the person that mom is handing them to, they will start to cry

18
Q

Separation Anxiety

A

(18-20 months) mom leaves and the baby starts crying

19
Q

Growth Retardation

A

the baby is not growing in the mother’s stomach

20
Q

Meconium

A

the first bowel movement (the risk is in 41-42 weeks)

21
Q

Rh incompatibility

A

the mother’s immune system may form antibodies to fight off the baby

22
Q

Folic Acid

A

a vitamin and mineral found in vegetables that allow babies to grow

23
Q

Best Age for Pregnancy

A

20’s and younger 30’s

24
Q

Pregnancy Complications

A
  • vaginal bleeding
  • toxemia (high protein)
  • eclampsia (the baby makes mom sick)
  • fetal growth retardation (the baby isn’t growing)
  • low amniotic fluid
  • multiple gestation (twins or triplets)
  • maternal nutrition ( eating healthy)
25
Q

Gestation Time

A

from conception to birth

26
Q

What problems does maternal stress cause on the pregnancy and the baby?

A

low birth weight, premature infants, low blood flow to the uterus,

27
Q

What substances cause mental retardation?

A

alcohol and seizure medication

28
Q

How does STD’s during the pregnancy affect the fetus?

A

the baby could be born HIV positive or it could be born with Gonorrhea.

29
Q

What is APGAR?

A

it is the criteria for determining if the baby is healthy or not right after birth (skin color, heart rate, response to stimuli, muscle tone and breathing)

30
Q

What do the ratings determine for the baby?

A

the ratings determine whether the baby needs to be looked at or needs the NICU.

31
Q

What are the stages of labor?

A
  1. ephasement- contractions begin
  2. 10 centimeter dilation; ready to give birth
  3. delivery of placenta (after birth of baby)
  4. Recovery (C-section or normal birth)
32
Q

What is considered a zygote, embryo and a fetus?

A

ZYGOTE- germinal period (the first 2 weeks)
EMBRYO- 2 to 8 weeks into the pregnancy (this is when you can actually detect the pregnancy in the blood)
FETUS- 8 to 40 weeks

Social Work (1 decks)

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