Exam 2

Question 1

Roses

Answer 1

Day neutral

Question 2

Easter Lilies

Answer 2

Vernilization

Question 3

Mums

Answer 3

Short Day

Question 4

Alstroemeria

Answer 4

Day neutral

Question 5

Carnations

Answer 5

Day neutral

Question 6

Pointsettias

Answer 6

Short Day

Question 7

Geraniums

Answer 7

Day neutral

Question 8

Auxin

Answer 8

used to stimulate rooting of stem cuttings

Question 9

Scarification

Answer 9

acid eats through the seed coat

Question 10

Stratification

Answer 10

holds the seed at a cool, moist temperature

Question 11

Chemical inhibitors

Answer 11

natures way of waiting till support is available (heavy rain)

Question 12

Environmental factors that influence germination:

Answer 12

Water: Moisture levels
Temp. - usually warm temperatures
Aeration – don't flood the seeds
Light
Freedom from disease and salts

Question 13

Plugs

Answer 13

small seedling in a clump of dirt (greenhouses buy plugs)

Question 14

Recalcitrant

Answer 14

have fairly high moisture of 20% - will die if moisture goes lower.

Question 15

Orthodox seed

Answer 15

can be dried down to 2-5 percent

Question 16

Quiescent

Answer 16

resting but ready to germinate

Question 17

Senescence

Answer 17

in the process of dying

Question 18

Apomoxis

Answer 18

asexual prop. That masks itself as sexual propogation

Question 19

Spray

Answer 19

multiple flower heads in a stock

Question 20

CAM Plants

Answer 20

dessert loving plants, succulent plant, which open stomates at night, to preserve moisture. Organic acids

Question 21

Photoperiodism

Answer 21

response of the plant to day and night

Question 22

Phototropism

Answer 22

when light influences plant growth

Question 23

Ontogenetic

Answer 23

change in what genes are activated

Question 24

Rudimentary Embryo

Answer 24

hasn’t completed its development (coconut)

Question 25

Phototropism

Answer 25

growth towards the light

Question 26

Electron Transport System

Answer 26

converts the energy of electrons, attaches 3rd phosphate turns ADP to ATP

Question 27

Micropropagation stages:

Answer 27

1. Initiation – establishing a clean culture (shoot tips) 2. Multiplication 3. Taking shoots and rooting them in tissue culture/test tubes 4. Establishing rooted plant outside of test tube

Question 28

heteroblastic

Answer 28

juveniles and adults look the same

Question 29

Layers of Chimera

Answer 29

L1 – Epidermis L2 - Cortex L3 – Part of vascular + pith region

Question 30

Somaclonal:

Answer 30

Callus: hard formation of tissue Agar: semi solid tissue in contact with media

Question 31

Dark Respiration

Answer 31

A form of respiration in plants where carbon dioxide is released without the aid of (sun)light.

Question 32

ethylene

Answer 32

promotes ripening of fruit

Question 33

Environmental factors that influence germination:

Answer 33

``` Water: Moisture levels Temp. - usually warm temperatures Aeration – don't flood the seeds Light Freedom from disease and salts ```

Question 34

Secondary Dormancy

Answer 34

Germination is ready, but environment becomes unsuitable, returns to a dormant state.

Question 35

Testing Seed viability

Answer 35

1. Float Test 2. Sample Germination – through rolled up paper 3. Tetrazolium Test (stain) – changes color on slide 4. Embryo Test – Gribrilic acid tests dormancy

Question 36

Alternation of generations

Answer 36

Gametophytic | Sporophytic