Exam 2

Question 1

what is the most common symptom in patients who present for orthopedic consultation? how do you evaluate it?

Answer 1

pain

“PQRST”

1. provocation/palliation
2. quality
3. region/radiation
4. severity scale
5. timing

Question 2

what is the muscle strength test scale?

Answer 2

scale from 0 to 5

0. no contraction/joint movement
1. muscle flicker, no joint movement
2. complete range of motion with support
3. complete ROM against gravity
4. complete ROM against gravity with some resistance
5. complete ROM against gravity will full resistance

Question 3

what is EMG?

Answer 3

a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles

Question 4

what are the 4 joints of the shoulder?

Answer 4

1. gleno-humeral joint
2. acromioclavicular (AC) joint
3. sternoclavicular joint
4. scapulothoracic joint

Question 5

what is adhesive capsilitis?

Answer 5

AKA frozen shoulder

its a disorder in which the shoulder capsule (the connective tissue surrounding the GH joint) becomes inflamed and stiff resulting in greatly reduces ROM and chronic pain

Question 6

differentiate subluxation and acute dislocations

Answer 6

subluxation - when the joint goes to the end range but doesn’t go through, it inst removed from the physiological joint

acute dislocation - it is removed from the joint

Question 7

what is the apprehension test? how do you do it?

Answer 7

a test for pathology at the GH joint:

1. possible torn labrum
2. ANTERIOR shoulder instability

procedure:

• Dr externally rotates the humerus to the end range while the shoulder is in 90 degrees of aBduction
• forward (anterior) pressure is applied to the posterior aspect of the humeral head
• test is positive if they have pain or think you’re going to dislocate their arm

Question 8

what is the apprehension test? how do you do it?

Answer 8

a test for pathology at the GH joint:
1. GH instability, dislocation, subluxation

procedure:
-…?

Question 9

list 3 tests that can be used to diagnose GH joint instability?

Answer 9

1. apprehension test
2. relocation test
3. anterior drawer test for the shoulder

these all test for ANTERIOR instability (i think)

Question 10

what is a hill-sachs lesion?

Answer 10

an impaction injury caused when the humeral head is forces out the the GH socket. the posterior surface collides with front