Exam 2 Flashcards
What is the social production of the urban environment?
The process through which social relations shape the physical and spatial aspects of cities.
Define ‘use value’ in the context of housing.
The practical utility of a property for living or working.
Define ‘exchange value’ in the context of housing.
The market value of a property based on its potential selling price.
What are housing sub-markets?
Segments of the housing market that cater to specific groups based on factors like income, location, and demographics.
What was the Keynesian policy’s role in housing?
It aimed to stimulate the economy through government intervention, including housing initiatives.
What was the impact of the sub-prime lending crisis?
It led to widespread foreclosures and economic instability, affecting both macro and micro levels.
True or False: Rent controls can lead to disinvestment in housing.
True.
What is the managerialist thesis?
A perspective that focuses on key actors, termed ‘social gatekeepers,’ who influence urban outcomes through biases.
What is redlining?
The practice of denying loans or insurance to specific neighborhoods based on racial or ethnic composition.
What does the term ‘gentrification’ refer to?
The process where rising property values displace lower-income residents unable to afford increased rents.
Explain Neil Smith’s ‘revanchist city’ thesis.
It describes the return of capital to urban areas, often leading to gentrification and displacement.
What is the ‘rent gap’?
The difference between the potential rent a property could generate and its current rent.
Fill in the blank: The ‘Own your own home’ campaign began in _______.
1917.
What was the purpose of the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC)?
To support homeowners by refinancing loans during the Great Depression.
What were restrictive covenants?
Legal agreements that restricted property sales based on race or ethnicity.
What was the significance of the 1948 Shelley v. Kraemer ruling?
It reversed previous decisions and ruled that enforcement of racially restrictive covenants was unconstitutional.
Define ‘white flight’.
The phenomenon where white residents move out of neighborhoods as African Americans move in.
What is blockbusting?
A practice where real estate agents manipulate property values by instilling fear in white homeowners about neighborhood integration.
True or False: The Fair Housing Act of 1968 made violence to prevent integration a crime.
True.
What is ‘corporeality’ in urban social geography?
The concept that body images are socially constructed, not just biological.
What does ‘heteropatriarchy’ refer to?
Social structures that enable heterosexual men to dominate women and sexual minorities.
What is ableist geography?
An assumption in geography that prioritizes able-bodied individuals and overlooks the needs of those with disabilities.
Fill in the blank: The New Deal aimed to address the _______ crisis of the Great Depression.
housing.
What role did local governments play in preventing integrated neighborhoods?
They employed tactics such as denying access to public utilities and reclaiming land for parks.
What are some examples of local tactics used to maintain segregation?
- Denying access to public utilities
- Reclaiming land for parks
- Demolition of blighted neighborhoods
- School siting to force relocation
What is the role of police in state-sanctioned community violence?
Police often failed to intervene in racially motivated violence, contributing to de jure segregation.
What is ‘embodiment’ in the context of urban social geography?
The process through which the body is socially constructed within spaces by wider systems of meaning.
What is queer theory?
An analytical framework that draws attention to repressive discourses around sexuality.
