exam 2

Question 1

“A or B -> C” is in the form of a Horn Clause.
True or False

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Logic programming is based on lambda calculus.
True or False

Answer 2

False

Question 3

a -> d

c -> b

d -> c

Using the statements above, which of the following statement can be derived using inference rules.

Answer 3

a - > d

Question 4

How can you write the fact “A parrot is a bird” in predicate calculus?

Answer 4

bird(parrot).

Question 5

__________________ are statements that are assumed to be true and from which all true statements about natural numbers can be proved.

Answer 5

Axioms

Question 6

The language Curry brings together the advantages of functional and logic programming in a single language.
True or False

Answer 6

True

Question 7

_________________________ refers to the issue that arises when a variable is unified with a term that contains that variable itself, leading to potentially infinite structures or circular references.

Answer 7

Occur-check problem

Question 8

What is the value of Y in Prolog if you write the following statement:

[X|Y] = [1,2,3,4].

Answer 8

[2, 3, 4]

Question 9

In Prolog, any statement that is not known to be true is considered false.
True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Every logical statement can be turned into Horn clauses.
True or False

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What is implication operator in Prolog?

Answer 11

:-

Question 12

Which predicate in Prolog can be used to force backtracking and to find all solutions to a query?

Answer 12

fail

Question 13

writenum(l, J) :- num(X),
I =< X,
X =< J,
write(X),
nl,
fail.

For the given Prolog code, writenum(1,10) will go into an infinite loop after X = 10.
True or False

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Prolog queries always have one answer.
True or False

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Changing the order of the right-hand side of a clause may cause an infinite loop in Prolog.
True or False

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The cut operator is used to “cut” off parts of the search space, effectively preventing Prolog from backtracking past the point where the cut is encountered. Which of the following is the cut operator?

Answer 16

!

Question 17

Curry is dynamically typed, Prolog uses strong static typing with type inference,
True or False

Answer 17

False

Question 18

In logic programming, a statement is proved if all subgoals are eventually eliminated and the empty Horn clause is derived.
True or False

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Prolog’s search strategy is breadh-first search.
True or False

Answer 19

False

Question 20

If you have the fact human(bob) in Prolog, the query not(not(human(X))) returns X = bob.
True or False

Answer 20

False

Question 21

In Java, all classes inherit from the _______________ class by default.

Answer 21

Object

Question 22

Simula is the first purely object-oriented language. Everything in Simula is an object, including numbers and code itself.
True or False

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the output of the following Java code:

String a = new String(“hello”);

String b = new String(“hello”);

System.out.println(a == b);

True or False

Answer 23

False

Question 24

When there is a method overloading in Java, the method that gets called is always determined at run-time based on the method signature.
True or False

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Which of the following class does not implement List interface in Java?

Answer 25

HashSet

Question 26

In Java, an interface can extend other interfaces using the extends keyword. True or False

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the output of the following code: class A{ public void p(){ System.out.println("1"); } public void q(){ System.out.println("2"); } public void r(){ p(); } } class B extends A{ public void p(){ System.out.println("3"); } } class C extends B{ public void q(){ System.out.println("4"); } } public class QuizMain { public static void main(String[] args) { A a = new C(); a.r(); } }

Answer 27

4

Question 28

Constructors in Java must have a return type of void. True or False

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Java does not support operator overloading. True or False

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Java supports multiple inheritance, meaning a class can inherit from more than one base class. True or False

Answer 30

False