Exam 2 Flashcards
Who was the author of 1 Corinthians?
Paul
Explain the order of Pauls visits to the Corinthians and how that relates to the writings of 1+2 Corinthians
Paul established the Corinthian church (Acts)
A: Paul writes letter and receives a letter from Corinth (see 1 Cor 7:1)
B: Paul responds back with 1 Corinthians (1 Cor. addresses a report he receives and the letter they sent to him)
Visits them; ends up being a painful visit
C: Writes the Letter of Tears to the Corinthian church (we may have this letter → it may be 2 Cor. 10-13)
They respond well; Paul receives good report from Timothy about how they have repented and punished the wrongdoer
D: Paul then writes 2 Corinthians (may be all one letter, may be a bunch of Paul’s letter fragments)
Primary purpose of 1 Corinthians
Deal with problems in the Corinthians church leading to division, and answering questions raised by the church
There were several apparent sources of division in the church in 1 Corinthians, what were they
-loyalty to different church leaders,
-socials/class divisions (ex Lords Supper)
-different attitudes about Sex
-spiritual gifts (prioritizing tongue speaking)
-different attitudes towards idol meats
Glossolalia
tongue speaking
1 Corinthians
Cessationism
the view that miraculous spiritual gifts are no longer available\
\1 Corinthians
non-cessationism
the view that miraculous gifts are still available to believers today
1 Corinthians
Apocalyptic expectation
the belief that Jesus return is coming imminently
1 Corinthians
Sacraments
mundane practicces that are vested with deep spiritual significance. In celebrating a sacrament, Christians believe God is present and active in the mundane realities of that moment.
1 Corinthians
patrairchalism
the view that God has given men authority in the world and that God ordains women to be submissive, either because of the order of creation (i.e. man was created first) or because woman demonstrated their untrustworthiness in the Garden of Eden.
1 Corinthians
Complementarianism
the view that God has created men and women as equal partners in creation, but God has ordained each to a different but equal role. Spiritual leadership is a reflection of what God calls men to. Unlike patriarchy, complementarianism argues that male leadership is about service and mutual submission, not authority and domination over women.
1 Corinthians
Egalitarianism
a view that sees men and women as equal. The egalitarian view asserts that men and women who are gifted to lead should be called to exercise this gift on equal terms for the sake of God’s kingdom. Thus, egalitarianism leaves open the possibility that women might be called to formal leadership positions in the church if so gifted.
1 Corinthians
Celibacy
abstaining from marriage and sexual practices; preferable to marriage, according to Paul (1 Cor 7)
1 Corinthians
Agape
the Greek word for “love” in 1 Corinthians 13; love that is unconditional and giving – wishing good for a person, also translated “charity”
1 Corinthians
What Pastoral Epistles are covered on this test?
1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus
Who were the pastoral Epistles addressed to?
individuals charged with oversight of congreagations
who was the author of the pastoral epistles
maybe Paul?
What was the primary purpose of the pastoral epistles
-Write to pastors to advise and correct churches
-What you teach affects how you behave
-To be a good leader, family should be in order
-Faithfulness
Gnosticism
a heresy that states that the material world is evil and we are made perfect through spirit
Pastoral Epistles
Second Career theory
notion that Paul was released from captivity in Rome and went on to do things not reported in the NT before being recaptured and executed later than has traditionally been thought
Pastoral Epistles
Heresy
false teaching, or teaching that does not conform to the official standards of a religious community.
Pastoral Epistles
Orthodoxy
“right thinking” or correct doctrine
Pastoral Epistles
There are three scenarios to explain authorship of the Pastoral Epistles- what are they?
Gaps in the Record
Second Career
Pseudepigraphic
What was the “Gaps in the Record” Theory to explain authorship of the Pastoral Epistles
We are missing key information about Pauls life and ministry, The pastoral epistles provide a window into trips and locations that were not mentioned in the other Pauline letters.
What was the “Second Career” Theory to explain Pauls authorship of the Pastoral Epistles
Paul survived the Roman imprisonment in Acts, leading him to have a second career as a missions. This theory depends on a letter that describes Paul traveling to the extreme west- sent by Clement a roman Bishop
what was the Pseudepigraphic theory about the authorship of the pastoral epistles.
the letters were writen by someone else to continue on the Pauline legacy. The situations that are describe in the pastoral letters are literally constructs designed to extend Pauls message to the church in the late 1st-early 2nd century.
church leaders in the Pastoral Epistles
Bishop- “Overseer” like a pastor
Clergy- leaders who are officially ordained or authorized to perform religious duties
Deacon- one who serves
Widow- office in the church that honored aged women who had no spouse or family by providing them with care in exchange for their prayers and spiritual counsel
Who was the author of Colossians
Paul (possible pseudopigraphic) and timothy
Primary purpose of Colossians
addressing the COlossian Heresy
we dont know exactly what that was but it could’ve been gnosticism
What was the critical issue of the church from Colossians
the community is following the rules of the world, possibly combining Christianity with either Jewish or philosophical customs.
Syncretism
the merging of two or more religions
(Colossians)
docetism
heresy that denies that Christ who is God took on a true human nature
(Colossians)
two natures doctrine
the Orhtodox Christian believe that Jesus Christ was a single person who was fully God and fully human.
(Colossians)
Haustafeln
the proper order of the Christian Household
(Colossians)
orthodoxy
opposite of heresy
(Colossians)
realised eschatology
the belief that the blessings of eternal life are a reality that is available in the present not nearly something that we hope for in the future(Colossians)
Who was the author of Philemon
Paul and Timothy
primary purpose of Philemon
entreating philemon to accept the runaway slave Onesimus with grace
What were the two critical issues of Philemon
master/servant relationship
Brotherhood in Christ/in the Church- Paul asks Philemon to accept Onesimus back as a brother, but also is telling Onesimus to submit to Philemon as a servant.
important theologicla themes in Philemon
forgiveness and reconciliation
who was the author of 2nd corinthians
Paul
primary purpose of 2nd corinthians
defending Pauls apostolic abiliteis
super apostles
false teacher who appeared to be superior to Pual in their manner and authority. Paul calls them “super” in order to mock them
(2nd Corinthians)
Colection for jerusalem
a fundraising effort conductged by the apostle Paul among gentle believers on belhd of Jewish believers in Jerusalem.
(2nd Corinthians)
Heresy
belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious doctrine
(2nd Corinthians)
Orthodoxy
authorized or generally accepted theory, doctrine, or practice
(2nd Corinthians)
Why are the super-apostles an issue
Paul has to defend his ministry against opponent who is saying he is untrustworthy
What was the Jars of Clay analogy in Corinthians
God invests his treasure in things we view as weak.
How did the Collection for Jerusalem represent a critical issue in Corinthians
God is breaking down boundaries between Jews and Gentiles
Be able to relate what Paul is discussing in 2 Corinthians to his ongoing relationship with the Corinthian church (i.e. what has happened in Corinth that is prompting this letter?)
After the letter of tears? is this the 4th letter/
What were the three important theological themes of 2nd Corinthians
Paul’s ministry
Boasting (Paul defends himself from the super apostles- says bragging is foolish- Jars of clay/God invests his treasure in things we view as weak)
Fundraising (collection for the Jerusalem church)
sufficiency/preeminence of Christ was an important theological theme in Colossians- what the heck does that mean?
“He is the firstborn of creation” and “by Him all things were created”
Life in Christ was an important theological theme in Colossians, what did it mean
The Christians do not need to adhere to the philosophy of the world because they have new life in Christ, they need not be “disqualified” by those who argue that there are certain rituals Christians need to follow.
The New Self was an important theological theme in Colossians- what did it mean?
put away the earthly desires because Christ has given his followers a new self
The Cosmic Christ was an important theological theme in Colossians- what did it mean?
A teaching possible in repsonse to Gnosticism trying to hold the tension between Christ’s physical existence but also His preeminence
Knowledge and maturity was an important theological theme in Colossians- what did it mean?
in Christ we have all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge
What metaphor does Paul use to describe church unity in 1 Corinthians/
a “body”
Pastoral Epistles discusses women and ministry what does it say?
Women are considered bearing of children, managing home, defer to husband
Ministry: church office for aged widows and some woman can become widows/church teachers, but they cannot teach men
One major thing that Paul focuses on in 1 Corinth is the contrast of ___
Spritual and Earthly wisdom
What does Paul think about marrige in 1 Corinth? How does that relate to eschatology?
he thinks that it is better to be single, unless you can’t help it, then get married, it relates to eschatology because Paul didn’t think that people should get married cause he thought Jesus was coming back super soon.
What is happening in 1 Corinth when they celebrate the Lords Supper
It’s super class-ist/ the rich people get all the food, and the poor people starve
Spiritual gifts: what does Paul say about spiritual gifts and Christian unity? What does Paul say is central to Christian relationships (see 1 Cor 13).
Paul says that there are tons of different spiritual gifts but ultimately all must be used to help the body of Christ, also none are better than another because a bunch of them were obsessed with speaking in tongues. Love is central to Christian relationships
Gender (be familiar with what Paul says about head covering (1 Cor 11) and orderly worship (1 Cor 14). Also, how to explain the tension between these two chapters?
Paul says yes to head coverings
says a bunch about orderly worship- but the part about women is that they should be silent in church, this is probably because these women were not allowed to go to school, so they didn’t know anything and were being disruptive by asking dumb questions.
Bodily resurrection: Paul’s view of resurrection. What does he believe? Why does the doctrine of the resurrection of Christ matter? What does it mean for Christian believers? From 1 Corinthians
Paul belives in the resurrection of Jesus into a healed spiritual body. this is important because belief in the resurrection is a major doctrine for Christianity. It means that Jesus is the Son of God who died and rose again paying the price for our sins.
Major things Paul focuses on in 1 Corinthians
-Contrast of Spiritual and earthly wisdom
-marriage
-eucharisst and worship
-church unity
-spritual gifts
-Gender
-bodily resurrection
Critical issue s discussed by the author in the Pastoral epistles
Organization of church leadership
also women are temptresses and manipulatprs, and Paul uses adam and eve as an example of why women shouldn’t be in authority/
One important theologicla theme in the pastoral epistles is Church government,- should you pick church leaders in a rush
no you should choose them with intentionality
False teachinng and Sound doctrine was an important theological theme in which section
the pastoral epistles
