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Textiles > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

important things to know about elastomeric?

A

stretch 400% or more and return back to OG state, can only be used in filament form

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2
Q

denier

A

thicker w/ filaments, as # goes up the size gets bigger (direct)

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3
Q

trilobal (bi-component)

A

for carpet cause it hides dirt easier

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4
Q

dry spin?

A

similar to melt spinning; acetate, acrylic, modacrylic, spandex –> look at pics

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5
Q

core-spun

A

spin staple fibers

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6
Q

what are the regenerative fibers?

A

rayon (vicose and cupro), modal, and lyocell; varying sizes, lusterous

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7
Q

common properties of synthetic fibers?

A

versatility, easy to care, durability, resistant to most chemicals, resist to insects and rot, lusterous

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8
Q

open-end

A

eliminates couple steps, cheaper, faster, less uniform

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9
Q

important information about lastol?

A

elastic; best choice between rubber and spandex, good res. to heat, chemicals, and chlorine

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10
Q

PLA

A

polyactic acid; made from lactic acid (naturally sugar), biodegradable

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11
Q

pie wedge (bi-component)

A

used for manu. silk

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12
Q

BCF

A

bulk of yarn and cover factor (stands for bulk continuous filament), no linting

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13
Q

power stretch

A

30%-50% stretch, good recovery, adding more spandex increases the power, for compression athletic wear

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14
Q

melt spin?

A

thermoplastics –> look at pics

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15
Q

heat set?

A

apply heat and change shape (thermoplastic)

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16
Q

boucle

A

loop

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17
Q

monofilament

A

one long filament; slitting or spinning

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18
Q

flock

A

tweed

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19
Q

comfort stretch

A

stretch 10%-15% (moderate amount of stretch)

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20
Q

important things to know about nylon?

A

polyamide, nylon 6 6 is for carpets, active-wear, hydrophobic, interior (also camping), picks up every dye

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21
Q

what are the thermoplastic fibers?

A

acetate, triacetate, nylon, polyester, olefin, and acrylic; shrink and melt

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22
Q

rubber is made from?

A

natural and synthetic fibers

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23
Q

important things to know about acrylic?

A

wet or dry spun, can’t control shape, pilling and static, not bio-degradeable, “warmth without weight”, can be used outside and for cold weather, hydrophobic

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24
Q

mineral fibers are made from?

A

metal and glass

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25
important things to know about olefin?
polyethylene, polypropylene, U.S. ONLY, used for interiors, inexpensive, strong, slightly wax-y feel, excellent wickablility, LOW SPECIFIC GRAVITY, oleophilic, insulation, undergarments, diapers, active-wear, CANNOT DRY CLEAN, HARD TO DYE
26
what are the synthetic fibers?
nylon, polyester, olefin, acrylic; thermoplastics
27
elastoester
good res. to wet, heat, and bleach, stretch 600%
28
important things to know about acetate and triacetate?
modified cellulosic fibers, wood pulp, triacetate is no longer produced in U.S., weak, moderate dimensional stability, thermoplastic, interiors, apparel, not dmg by dry cleaning solvent
29
modacrylic
airplane blankets, naturally FR, self-extinguishing, used a lot in wigs, realistic fake fur
30
spinneret (bi-component)
can change the size and shape of the hole (shower head)
31
thermoplastic fibers _____ when _____
melt, heated
32
what are regenerative fibers made from?
cellulosic materials; wood chips, bamboo, and cotton linters
33
slub
thick n thin
34
important things to know about polyester?
similar to nylon, MOST WIDELY USED FIBER, endlessly engineer-able, used to line bc its the cheapest, hydrophobic
35
important information about rubber?
cant dye, deteriorates easily (natural), synthetic rub., least expensive (natural), dmg by solvents, chlorine bleach, sunlight, etc. (synthetic)
36
what is azlon?
regenerated protein fibers made from soybean and milk
37
chenille
fuzzy, thicker, think of those fluffy blankets
38
air-jet
spin other fibers around outside, used for bedsheets (dries faster, resists pilling)
39
closest you can get to silk?
microfibers
40
important information about spun yarns?
staple fibers (filament fibers are cut), hairy
41
important information about rayon?
originally marketed as artificial silk, 1st manu. fiber, bamboo (looks like bamboo too), weak when wet, hydrophilic, excellent drape (main reason for use in women's apparel), used for interiors, dry cleaned
42
hydrophilic
moisture absorbancy
43
elasterell-p
hint of stretch will recover, stretches 100%
44
ring spun
clean, make fibers parallel, draw and twist, ALWAYS carded and combed
45
side-by-side (bi-component)
creates crimp
46
if its staple, its ____!
spun
47
high performance/technical
glass, aramids, metals, modacrylic, and PLA
48
meta-aramid
very strong, firefighter, race car drivers, comes in yellow, bullet-proof vest, ropes
49
all manufactured fibers are what?
extruded as a filament
50
covered
elastic wrapped in yarn, filament used to wrap
51
lyocell is?
a specific generic class from vicose rayon and a subclass of rayon
52
wet spin?
different bc can't control cross-section and fiber is solidified in a chemical bath; rayon, spandex, some acrylics --> look at pics
53
most synthetics are made from?
non-fibrous materials, majority made from petroleum based chemicals
54
oleophilic
absorbs oil easily
55
indirect
higher the #, finer the yarn
56
flat (bi-component)
very lusterous
57
wickability
ability of a fiber or a fabric to disperse moisture and allow it to pass through to the surface of the fabric, so that evaporation can take place
58
59
yarns are?
all filament (multi-filament)
60
thread
is 40% less stronger than the fabric
61
yarn #
shows the fineness
62
combing/worsted
removes short fibers, extra step, costly
63
manufactured filament yarns are?
faster and less expensive than spun
64
end use for performance fibers?
apparel, textiles for interiors (not common), technical textiles (medical bandages and stuff)
65
combination
two or more plies, combined in yarn but not blended
66
mixture
2 or more fibers in fabric but not blended
67
texturizing
increases bulk, thermoplastic
68
important information about spandex?
wet or dry spun, comes in white or black, lustrous, LYCRA is biggest brand, weak, highly elastic
69
what are the performance fibers?
elastomeric, rubber, spandex, lastol, elasterell-p, elastoester, modacrylic
70
hollow (bi-component)
reduces bulk
71
yarn twist
hold staple fibers together in spun yarns (filament doesn't have a lot of twist)

Textiles (1 decks)

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