Exam 2 Flashcards
What are the three major subdivisions of the forebrain?
- limbic system
- not limbic system
- cortex
What is the limbic system important for?
Emotion
Name two components of the limbic system.
- anterior cingulate gyrus
- amygdala
- hippocampus
- posterior cingulate gyrus
What does the cortex represent in the brain?
The outmost layer of the brain
What role does the insula play?
Visceral perception / interoception
What are the defensive behaviors associated with the periaqueductal gray (PAG)?
- fleeing
- freezing
- pain reduction
- analgesia
What is the function of the vagal cranial nerve (vagus)?
Bidirectional connection between the medulla and viscera
List the structural divisions of the hindbrain.
- medulla
- reticular formation
- cerebellum
What does the anterior cingulate gyrus create when predictions are not accurate?
An ‘error message’
What is the role of the posterior cingulate gyrus?
Making second-by-second predictions about what’s going to happen next
What are the four basic motivations regulated by the hypothalamus?
- fight
- flight
- feeding
- sex
What does the amygdala regulate?
Emotional responses and emotional memories
What type of sensory information does the thalamus project?
Sensory information to the cortex and amygdala
Fill in the blank: The hippocampus creates _______ memories.
declarative
What does the hippocampus project to in order to inhibit stress hormones?
The hypothalamus
True or False: The pathway from the thalamus to the cortex is faster but less accurate.
False
True or False: The anterior lobe of the pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus.
True
What part of the brain is involved in mood and emotions?
Cortex
Name the three parts of the prefrontal cortex.
- dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC)
- orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)
- ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)
