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Intro to soils > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

0 bars

A

Saturation

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2
Q

-1/3 bars

A

Feild Capacity

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3
Q

-15 bars

A

Permanent Wilting Point

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4
Q

-31 bars

A

Hygroscopic Coefficient

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5
Q

-10,000 bars

A

Oven Dry

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6
Q

Leaching of anions out of the soil

A

Lower

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7
Q

Acid Precipitation

A

Lower

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8
Q

Nutrient Uptake

A

Lower

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9
Q

Decomposition of plant residues

A

Raise

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10
Q

Nitrogen fertilization

A

Lower

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11
Q

Adding Lime

A

Raise

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12
Q

Recycling of basic cations by deep rooted plants

A

Raise

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13
Q

Water classification where evaporation stops and the soil is said to be air-dry.

A

Hygroscopic Coefficient

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14
Q

Which of the water potential values indicates water that is held most tightly to soil?

A

-3100 kPa

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15
Q

Which increases evapotranspiration?

A

Increasing wind

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT a device that measures soil moisture?

A

pressure plate apparatus

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17
Q

Which force moves free water in the soil out of the macropores?

A

gravitational

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18
Q

Irrigation can lead to the build up of too much

A

Nitrogen

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19
Q

Which of the following textural classes holds the least amount of PAW?

A

Sand

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20
Q

The water classification where drainage stops because the matric potential balances the gravitational pull and the macropores are empty is called:

A

Field Capacity

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21
Q

The movement of free water is dependent on the amount and continuity of

A

Macropores

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22
Q

This type of water is energetically available to plants (plants have enough energy to use it) but is NOT useable by plants because no oxygen is present.

A

Free/Gravitational water

23
Q

How should a sandy soil be watered vs. a clay soil?

A

Sandy Soil more often with less water each time

24
Q

Plant available water depends on or is a function of the soil’s _______________ and ____________ _____________ content.

A

Texture, Organic Matter

25
Q

Bonding of water to another water molecule is called:

A

cohesion

26
Q

Evapotranspiration is the loss of water by evaporation from the soil and transpiration through plant leaves.

A

True

27
Q

Which of the following irrigation methods is the LEAST efficient in conserving water?

A

Flood

28
Q

A portion of this water is energetically not availabe to plants.

A

Capillary Water

29
Q

Bonding of water to the soil surface is called:

A

Adhesion

30
Q

Is water held from -15 to -10,000 bar plant available?

A

No, Not Energetically Available

31
Q

The entry of water downward through the soil surface is called:

A

infiltration

32
Q

The attraction between water and soil surfaces is described by which component of water potential?

A

Matric

33
Q

Is water held from 0 to -1/3 bar plant available?

A

No, No Oxygen

34
Q

All of this water is energetically not available to plants (plants do not have enough energy to use it).

A

Hygroscopic Water

35
Q

How should a sandy soil be watered vs. a clay soil?

A

Sandy Soil more often with less water each time

36
Q

Cation exchange is an example of an

A

Adsorption process

37
Q

The surface charge of most clays is negative.

A

True

38
Q

The cation exchange sites (surfaces) of soil clays adsorb negatively charged particles.

A

False

39
Q

CEC is the abbreviation for:

A

Cation Exchange Capacity

40
Q

Which soil horizon would have the lowest CEC?

A

C

41
Q

Attraction of ions to surface solids is the definition of

A

adsorption

42
Q

check the four properties that cation exchange controls in soil

A

buffering of soil pH, leaching of cations, nutrient adsorption by plants, soil weathering

43
Q

Which soil particle has the highest CEC?

A

Humus

44
Q

The humus content in the soil is dependent on:

A

all of these answers influence humus content in soil

45
Q

Colloidal properties are exhibited by which soil size separate:

A

Clay

46
Q

Anion exchange occurs in some tropical areas and is when the soil is positively (+) charged and attracts negatively (-) charged ions called anions.

A

True

47
Q

Normal range on pH scale:

A

0-14

48
Q

Neutral soils

A

7 PH

49
Q

Acid/Acidic PH

A

0 to 7

50
Q

Basic PH

A

7 to 14

51
Q

Which of the following is a cation?

A

K+

52
Q

Cation Exchange Capacity is measured in

A

meq/ 100g

53
Q
A

Intro to soils (1 decks)

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