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Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three processes in creating a Tx plan?

A

Assessment, conceptualisation and target or Tx plan.

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2
Q

What is the definition of a treatment plan?

A

A set of sequential interventions collaboratively designed to change Tx targets

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3
Q

What are the two things Tx plans are based on?

A

Client assessment and scientific research

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4
Q

What are the two ways that CBT works to UNDERSTAND experiences?

A

Psychoeducation and self-monitoring

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5
Q

What are the two ways CBT works AGAINST experiences?

A

Using coping skills and changing CBT diamond

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6
Q

What are the two ways that CBT works WITH experiences

A

Approaching and accepting unwanted diamond points

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7
Q

What three informative points does psychoed give?

A
  1. It gives clients info about their specific problems and what maintains them
  2. gives C info about their Tx plan
  3. gives C the rationale for why the Tx is supposed to work
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8
Q

what are the four ways that psychoeducation helps?

A
  1. helps to normalise C issues
  2. reassures C that there are ways to treat it
  3. increases expectancy –> improves outcomes
  4. corrects mistaken beliefs about disorder
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9
Q

How does psychoeducation help panic disorder?

A

Inform C that they are making CATASTROPHIC INTERPRETATIONS about physical sensations, that their sensations are actually harmless

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10
Q

What is the best kind of psychoed and how is it guided?

A

Conversational, using questions to guide C

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11
Q

What are 5 things self-monitoring can identify?

A
  1. frequency of experience
  2. comprehensive data
  3. disconfirming information
  4. behavioural cues
  5. habitual responses
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12
Q

How what are the 5 things self-monitoring helps clients, 4 increases and 1 reduction?

A

Increases:
1. self awareness
2. notice for early points of intervention
3. cognitive changes
4. accuracy of expectations
reduces:
cognitive bias

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13
Q

What were the interventions and results of the Cash & Hrabosky, 2003 study?

A

Met individually with

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14
Q

What is measurement reactivity?

A

Is when measuring a psychological experience changes the experience

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15
Q

What is 1 crucial principle of CBT about contents and processes?

A

We can OBSERVE our mental contents, but not our mental processes

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16
Q

What is introspection illusion?

A

It is when people think they have direct insight into the reasons for their thoughts and feelings

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17
Q

How is introspective illusion relevant to behavioral therapies?

A

?

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18
Q

what is Functional Behavior Analysis?

A

Is when you identify the ANTECEDENTS to a bhvr, the BHVR, and the bhvr’s CONSEQUENCES

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19
Q

Draw how functional bhvr analysis works in the CBT diamond

A

xyz

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20
Q

What sorts of things count as “Responses” in our view of functional behavior analysis?

A
  1. behaviour
  2. thoughts
  3. emotions
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21
Q

What is the thing about emotions that motivates engagement in certain types of bhvr?

A

emotions have action tendencies that motivate certain bhvr

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22
Q

what are antecedents?

A

they are cues/triggers that occur before an unconditioned response

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23
Q

What are the two possible traits of cues?

A

they can be excitatory or inhibitory.

24
Q

What are internal cues/antecedents?

A

They can be thoughts, physical sensations, feelings or mental images

25
What are external cues?
Any outside information from the 5 senses
26
what are Discriminative Stimuluses?
clean, specific cues that only occur in specific contexts
27
What is covert modelling?
When an internal cue becomes an external cue. when PTSD client imagines NOT scanning his surroundings to change this bhvr
28
What is generalisation?
previously conditioned response is cued by new stimuli with similar traits. (sexual assault in DR, PTSD when at jersey shore)
29
what is Second-Order Conditioning (“Cue Chaining”)?
When a CS1 creates an illogical/irrational connection to a CS2 and creates a CR to the CS2
30
Based on conditioning principles (the ways “antecedents” work), how might cued responses get pervasive in a person’s life?
Thru generalisation, 2nd-order conditioning, lack of competing cues
31
What is Stimulus Control?
it is the extent that a response is conditioned to specific cues and NOT others
32
What is weak stimulus control?
when a response is generalised to many cues, not distinctly associated to a particular stimulus
33
What is a strong stimulus control?
when a response is clearly and consistently associated with a particular stimulus, only occurs at a certain cue
34
What is narrowing?
when you restrict the range of stimulus associated with a response
35
How is stimulus control used for worry?
Reduce the generalisations of worry to everyday life, make worry exclusive to the worry corner
36
What is situational control?
Choosing to enter or avoid situations to increase/decrease likelihood of certain emotions/bhvrs
37
what are 3 Ways to eliminate responses w/ antec.?
1. get rid of all excitatory responses (throw away ex's things) 2. bring in inhibitory responses (bring work cues, remember new date) 3. create barriers (block ex on social media)
38
What are 2 ways to promote responses?
1. increase excitatory cues (work only desk space) 2. reduce barriers (put phone in other room)
39
Function of a Response (what does this mean?) and what additional thing must we do about it?
purpose that it serves for the person/can bring about a consequence. Must replace with another adaptive response
40
How do functions inform how we do elimination or change of problem responses?
41
What is contingency management?
The concept of using operant conditioning to change bhvrs (increasing/decreasing strategies thru reinforcement)
42
What are the benefits of positive reinforcement?
Leads to better learning than punishment, something is better than nothing
43
What are the possible undesirable side effects of punishment?
trainer resentment
44
What is the Premack Principle?
don't do rewarding activities until after effortful activity (no dessert until after dinner)
45
What is self-reinforcement?
When you praise yourself/reward yourself
46
What does it mean to “reward the process, not the outcome”?
It's better to reward anything/the process than nothing at all, prioritise and reinforce the effort of doing something
47
What does it mean to ignore unwanted bhvr?
Do not want to reinforce maladaptive bhvr
48
Why would we want to ignore unwanted bhvr?
More likely to go extinct, less likely of trainer resentment
49
What is the Non-contingent Reinforcement?
It is when you allow the maintenance factors for a bhvr to be available all of the time (man screaming about killing woman -> give attention instead)
50
What is base rate?
The frequency of a bhvr as to figure out if bhvr is maladaptive
51
What is satiation?
Providing so much of a reinforcer that it loses its reinforcing value
52
Coercive Exchange/Coercion
Aversive bhvr of person A is positively reinforced by person B
53
What is Differential reinforcement of other bhvr (DRO)?
Reinforce competing bhvr to decrease current bhvr
54
What is relaxing training?
When C practice a variety of coping skills to help them calm down and is a functional replacement bhvr
55
What are two ways that relaxation training works?
1. as a coping skill in the moment 2. recondition GAD responses at a lower level of anxiety
56
What are the 3 definitions of applied relaxation training?
1. self monitor to figure out what makes you anxious 2. when you learn and practice relaxation techniques on a structured schedule 3. when you repeatedly use relaxation techniques in the presence of identified cues
57
What is relaxation induced anxiety?
when you are trying to relax but feel more anxious bc you feel vulnerable and threatened

CBT Exam 2 (1 decks)

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