Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Voice Disorders > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Case History

A

medical, social, vocational voice, voice use, psychosocial histories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

intermittent breathy voice

A

abductor spasmodic dysphonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Strained voice

A

adductor SD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Evaluation

A

-case history
-perceptual eval (GRBAS, CAPEV, MPD, S/Z ratio, Speaking rate
-aerodynamic/acoustic measures
-patient perception (VHI/VRQOL)
-instrumental eval - stroboscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

goals for eval

A

-etiology
-diagnosis
-prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

POC includes

A

-problem (diagnosis)
-reasons for problem
-evidence-based intervention planned
-specific goals for client

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

GRBAS

A

perceptual eval
-Grade - hoarseness/voice abnormality
-Roughness - irregularity of VF vibration/noisy
-Breathy - additional airflow, air leakage through VFs
-Asthenic - weakness or lack of power/ weak intensity/lack of higher harmonics
-Strain - how compressed or hyperfunctional voice sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CAPE V

A

consensus auditory perceptual evaluation of voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CAPE V measures:

A

overall severity
roughness
breathiness
strain
pitch
loudness
additional features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CAPE V Tasks: sustained vowels

A
  1. patient holds /a/ for 3-5 sec: lax vowel
  2. patient holds /i/ for 3-5 sec: tense vowel (also used during videostroboscopy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CAPE V Tasks: patient produces 6 sentences

A
  1. the blue spot is on the key again (every vowel sound in English
  2. how hard did he hit him (easy onset with /h/)
  3. we were away a year ago (all voiced)
  4. we eat eggs every easter (hard glottal attacks)
  5. my mamma makes lemon jam (nasal sounds)
  6. peter will keep at the peak (voiceless plosive sounds)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CAPE V tasks: spontaneous speech

A

20 seconds of natural conversational speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

V-RQOL

A

Voice-Related Quality of Life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RSI

A

reflux symptoms index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

aerodynamics

A

subglottal and transglottal pressure and airflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vocal fold vibration is initiated and maintained by:

A

subglottic pressure that is greater than supraglottic pressure in order to push air through the glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

comparison of what is happening at the subglottis (pressure) and supraglottis (flow) allows us to determine what is happening at the:

A

glottis or level of the vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

aerodynamic measures that are considered to be WNL suggest:

A

normal or efficient functioning of the vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abnormally high subglottic pressure and glottal resistance may be indicative of:

A

vocal hyperfunction or increased mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

increased glottal airflow may be seen in cases of:

A

poor adduction, such as presbylarynx or vocal fold paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

airflow measures are useful in clinical practice when comparing:

A

pre and post results of medical, surgical, or therapeutic intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aerodynamic breathing patterns

A

clavicular breathing
thoracic breathing
diaphragmatic-abdominal breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

aerodynamic routine measures

A
  1. lung volumes and capacities -spirometers
  2. air pressure
  3. airflow
  4. laryngeal resistance
  5. durational measures
    -phonation duration
    -s/z ratio
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

tidal volume

A

air that can be inspired and expired in a normal breathing cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
inspiratory reserve volume
max amount of air that can be inspired after tidal inspiration
26
expiratory reserve volume
max amount of air that can be expired after tidal expiration
27
residual volume
air remaining in the lung after max exhalation
28
inspiratory capacity
tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume
29
vital capacity
tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume
30
functional residual capacity
expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
31
total lung capacity
tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
32
aerodynamic air pressure
inside the lungs below the vocal folds inside the oral cavity
33
air pressure measured directly with:
hypodermic needle connected to a pressure transducer - into the cricothyroid space - below the VFs
34
air pressured measured indirectly with:
tube placed intraorally that measures pressure behind the lips just prior to opening during plosive productions /p/
35
aerodynamic airflow
measured with a mouthpiece or face mask in place during sustained vowel production - maintaining an open vocal tract
36
aerodynamic average airflow during sustained vowel production
men: 40-320 cc/sec women: 50-220 cc/sec
37
aerodynamic laryngeal resistance
/pi/ repeated at a rate of 1/5 syllables/sec peak intraoral air pressures measured from /p/ peak airflow measured from /i/
38
aerodynamic laryngeal resistance/glottal resistance measured from:
ratio between the avg subglottic air pressure and avg glottal airflow
39
MPD
maximum phonation duration greatest length of time a patient can hold /a/
40
MPD shorter than normal =
airflow HIGH
41
MPD longer than normal =
airflow LOW
42
avg MPD for 6 yo
10.5 sec
43
avg MPD for young adults
28 sec
44
avg MPD for elderly
13 sec
45
abnormal s/z ratio
-greater than 1.4: indicating marked reduction in /z/ may be red flag to check glottal edge for lesions or glottis insufficiency due to VF paralysis
46
norms for sustaining /s/
AGE : DURATION 7-10 : 8 sec 11-15 : 12 sec 16+ (W) : 15 sec 16+ (M) : 20 sec
47
aerodynamic speaking rate
-measured in words/minute or syllables per minute -observes breath patterns & phrasing lengths about respiratory functioning
48
aerodynamic speaking rate norms
speaking rates for adults: 115-165 WPM or 162-230 SPM reading rates for adults: 210-265 SPM
49
Voice analyses
spectrograms fundamental freq intensity short term perturbation relative noise levels harmonics-to-noise ratio
50
spectrograms
visual representation of speech acoustic signal horz: time vert: frequency darkness of plots: intensity
51
wideband spectrogram
300-500 Hz good time resolution, but lacks good frequency resolution
52
narrowband spectrogram
45-50 Hz good frequency resolution, but lack time resolution
53
fundamental frequency
F0 physiologically: number of virbatory cycles completed per second perceptually realted to pitch
54
as fundamental frequency increases,
pitch increases (but not a linear relationship)
55
pitch and F0 are:
NOT synonymous
56
F0 is determined by:
length, tension, and mass of VFs
57
F0 averages:
Males: 128 Hz Females: 225Hz Children: 265 Hz
58
pitch range
assess vocal flexibility and SLN function 2-3 octaves
59
amplitude/intensity
energy measures in amplitude or vertical magnitude of the sound waveform acoustic power of the voice subglottal pressure
60
amplitude/intensity perceptually related to:
loudness
61
AVG amplitude/intensity
Males: 77.8 dB Females: 74.0 dB
62
short term perturbation
cycle to cycle variability in speech acoustic signal (vocal fold vibration)
63
amplitude perturbation:
successive cycles vary in amplitude: SHIMMER
64
frequency perturbation:
successive cycles vary in their fundamental frequency: JITTER
65
relative noise level
acoustic measure of the level of noise created by the vocal fold vibration
66
relative noise level perceptually:
breathiness, roughness, hoarseness
67
GREATER NOISE levels =
POORER voice
68
harmonics-to-noise ratio
lower H/N ratio = increased noise below norm = dysphonic HNR 12 or greater = NORMAL
69
laryngeal exam
mirror laryngoscopy rigid laryngoscopy flexible (nasal) laryngoscopy stroboscopy
70
vocal fold mobility
degree of vocal fold movement during phonation
71
amplitude of vibration
degree of movement from the medial to the lateral aspects of the vocal fold during phonation
72
mucosal wave
Ax of the degree of traveling wave that is present on the superior surface of the vocal fold during phonation
73

Voice Disorders (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions