Exam 2 Flashcards
Flexor Retinaculum provides origin point for
thenar and hypothenar musculature
thenar
base of thumb
hypothenar
base of pinky
_____ tendons to middle and ring fingers lie _____ to the flexor retinaculum along with the ______ nerve
flexor digitorum superficialis, deep, median
extrinsic digital flexor tendons are surrounded by _______ in the ______ tunnel
synovial tendon sheaths, carpal
Radial bursa
sheath surrounds flexor pollicis longus
Ulnar Bursa
sheath surrounds flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus
Digital Bursa
sheath surrounds the phalanges
_______ of _____ or ____ bursa may lead to median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel
Tenosynovitis, radial, ulnar
tenosynovitis
infection of tendons due to closed space with limited blood supply, results in abcesses with pain and tendon necrosis
Pyogenic
pus producing (tenosynovitis)
carpal tunnel syndrome effects the ______ muscles
thenar
carpal tunnel symptoms
wrist pain exaggerated by prolonged flexion/extension (ex. during sleep), parasthesias in digits 1-3, grip weakness: can’t pinch or hold cyndrical objects, loss of fine motor abilities
positive bottle sign associated with carpal tunnel
add picture here
the pollex only has _____ phalanges and ____ IP joint
2, 1
The pollex’s CMC joint is unique because _________
oriented at right angles to the other CMC joints
CMC joints are ____ joints
plane synovial
2nd and 3rd CMC joints are very _____
stable
4th and 5th CMC joints are very ____
mobile
CMC joint of the pollex is a ______ joint and facilitates _____
saddle, opposition
_____ and ______ arteries supply the hand
radial and ulnar
_______ palmar arch is continuation of ulnar artery
superficial
_____ palmar arch is continuation of radial artery
deep
Modified Allen’s Test is performed by
occlude blood flow by compressing arteries until palm turns pale white, then release one of the arteries and check for blood flow; repeat the process for the other artery
________ is the reason we don’t use the thumb to take pulses
princeps pollicis artery
ulnar nerve is vulnerable to lesion due to
trauma/laceration, hamate fracture, pisiform or ulnar head dislocation, arthritis at the wrist, and most commonly repetitive motion
Air Hammer/ Handle bar neuropathy
vulnerable position of ulnar n. when there is loading of the extended wrist
_____ and _____ make up the roof of Guyon’s Canal
palmaris brevis, palmar carpal ligament (distal antebrachial fascia)
_____ and _____ make up the floor of Guyon’s Canal
transverse carpal ligament, flexor retinaculum
_____ makes up the medial wall of the Guyon’s Canal
pisiform
_____ makes up the lateral wall of the Guyon’s Canal
hook of hamate
In _____ Canal, the ulnar nerve divides into _______ and _____ branches
Guyon’s, superficial, deep
the _____ branch of the ulnar nerve has entirely ______ distribution, except for the _____ muscle
superficial, cutaneous, palmaris brevis
the ______ branch of the ulnar nerve distributes to ______ hand muscles and ____ and _____ joints
deep, intrinsic, carpal, phalangeal
Dupuytern’s contracture
pathological thickening of the palmar aponeurosis, usually occurs in older people
Dupuytern’s Contracture presents with
4th and 5th flexion deformities (more mobile = more susceptible to issues)
5 Compartments of the hand include
central, thenar, hypothenar, adductor, and interosseous
central hand compartment
long digital flexor tendons, lumbricals, superficial palmar arch, median and ulnar n. digital branches
Thenar compartment of the hand
base of thumb, opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis (OAF)
hypothenar compartment of the hand
base of digit minimi, opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis (OAF)
Adductor compartment of the hand
Adductor Pollicis
Interosseous compartment of the hand
metacarpals and interossei muscles
thenar compartment muscles are innervated by the ______
recurrent branch of the median n. (mostly C8 & lil bit of T1)
MILLION $$ NERVE
recurrent motor branch of the median n.
3 muscles of hypothenar compartment
opponens digit minimi, abductor digiti minimi,
hypothenar muscles are innervated by the _____
deep branch of the ulnar n. (lil bit of C8 and mostly T1)
_____ digital flexor tendons, ______, and digital neurovasculature are located in______
extrinsic, lumbricals, the central compartment
the central compartment of the hand is located ______ to the ______
deep, palmar aponeurosis
Flexor digitorum ______ produces flexion at the _______ joints
profundus, distal interphalangeal
Flexor digitorum superficialis produces ________ at the ______ joints
flexion, proximal interphalangeal
effectiveness of _______ digital flexors depends on _______
________ have no direct attachment to bone
lumbricals
lumbricals insert on __________
extensor expansion distal to the MCP joint
lumbricals _____ the MCP joints and _____ IP joints
flex, extend
lumbricals are innervated by
half median (1&2 digits) and half ulnar nerves (3&4 digits)
at the _____ joint, the _____ and _____ tendons are surrounded by ______&______ flexor sheaths
MCP, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor digitorum profundus, synovial, fibrous
________ sheath is firmly attached to bone
fibrous
