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Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

two sides of the argument about presidential leadership

A
  1. Context of leadership
  2. Personal characteristics of the president
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2
Q

Stephen Skowronek’s two periods of time

A

Emergent Time, Recurrent TIme

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3
Q

Four eras of presidential leadership

A

Patrician Era
Partisan Era
Pluralist Era
Plebiscite Era

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4
Q

Recurrent Time elements

A

Previously established commitments, President’s Political Identity

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5
Q

Recurrent time structures

A

Reconstruction
Preemption
Disjuction
Articulation

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6
Q

Reconstruction Elements

A

Opposed + Vulnerable

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7
Q

Preemption Elements

A

Opposed + resilient

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8
Q

Disjunction Elements

A

Affiliated + Vulnerable

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9
Q

Articulation Elements

A

Affiliated + Resilient

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10
Q

Reconstruction President examples

A

Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, FDR

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11
Q

Preemption President examples

A

Andrew Johnson, Wilson, Nixon, Clinton

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12
Q

Disjunction President examples

A

John Quincy Adams, Carter

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13
Q

Articulation Presidents examples

A

Monroe, LBJ

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14
Q

Greenstein’s six elements of presidential leadership

A

Public communication
Organizational capacity
Political skill
Vision
Cognitive style
Emotional intelligence

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15
Q

Public communication definition

A

the ability to get the message across effectively to the US people and to the president’s advantage

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16
Q

Organizational capacity definition

A

the ability to rally colleagues and structure their activities effectively

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17
Q

Political skill definition

A

overall ability to be persuasive, ability as an operator

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18
Q

Vision definition

A

the ability to know the goal of a policy, knowledge of the direction of policy goals, explain to the American people what you want society to be

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19
Q

Cognitive style definition

A

the ability to process the load of information that comes to the president and translate it to effective decision-making

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20
Q

Emotional intelligence definition

A

ability to control his own emotions and put them to effective use - how even keeled they can be

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21
Q

Public Communication Strength and Weakness Presidents

A

Strength - Roosevelt’s soaring rhetoric
Weakness - Carter’s absence of organization principles

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22
Q

Organizational capacity Strength and Weakness Presidents

A

Strength - Eisenhower as an institutional innovator
Weakness - Roosevelt

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23
Q

Political skill Strength and Weakness Presidents

A

Strength - LBJ “come let us reason together”
Weakness - Carter “unrealistic expectations”

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24
Q

Vision Strength and Weakness Presidents

A

Strength - Clinton’s impressive intelligence
Weakness - George W Bush lack on engagement in factual basis of policies

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25
Emotional intelligence Strength and Weakness Presidents
Strength - Gerald Ford "patently emotionally stable" Weakness - Nixon saw a conspiracy or enemy everywhere
26
Lara Brown's importance of presidential character
most of the framers carefully conceived defenses against a president of defective character are gone - worry about tyranny
27
Lara Brown's 3 big questions
1. What character traits are found in most presidents? 2. What traits separate modern presidents from those who served previously? 3. How have these differences affected the modern presidency?
28
Lara Brown 3 traits
Courage, Curiosity, Compassion
29
LB Courage definition
strength, decisiveness, audacity
30
LB Curiosity definition
discernment, erudition, sagacity
31
LB Compassion definition
warmth, cordiality, humanity
32
George Washington as example of Courage
Honorable acts under fire
33
George Washington as example of curiosity
discerning in his judgement and deliberate in his actions
34
George Washington as example of Compassion
"my brave fellows, you have done all I asked you to do"
35
Main issue of Articulation presidency
managing problems within your own party
36
Preemption presidency challenge
when president of one party is trying to work with congress of the other party
37
Patrician Era Definition
Characterized by the elite standing as a tribune above faction (electors selected president, state legislature chose senate, HoReps was the only body selected by the people)
38
George Washington (Patrician Era)
epitome of what people were looking for in a president, his famous "firsts"
39
(patrician era) George Washington's Firsts
Executive independence and the appointment power Established bank of the US Used veto power Used militia (put down the "Whiskey Rebellion") President as foreign policy leader 2 term tradition Opposition to party politics
40
John Adams (Patrician Era)
Big mistake - retaining Washington's cabinet, cabinet wasn't appointed but worked until they resigned
41
Thomas Jefferson (patrician era)
Louisiana Purchase and his invocation of executive privilege First reconstruction president
42
Monroe
Articulation president Managing interests within the party became difficult (westward expansion, international relations) The Monroe Doctrine (US taking a major role in international affairs, any attempt by a european nation to oppress or control any nation in the western hemisphere would be seen as an act of aggression and the US would intervene)
43
John Quincy Adams (Patrician era)
challenge - disjunction president trying to govern by "talent and virtue alone"
44
Partisan Era defintion
Characterized by democratization of the republic and the development of party governance The average person is valued for the first time Party organization - Jacksonians (democrats) and Linconians (Whigs)
45
Jackson and the use of the spoils system
First president to fire members of the cabinet Got rid of the bank (Bank Wars) Organized the country into 2 political parties - now a primary organizational feature of the US gov
46
WH Harrison's "whig view of the presidency"
Rejection of andrew jackson's rigorous use of the veto and removal powers
47
How did Polk reflect articulation through manifest destiny?
goal of manifest destiny was to reach coast to coast by the end of his 4 years which he successfully did
48
What was lincoln's role in developing nationalism?
United the country as americans
49
what was lincoln's role in developing the prerogative power of the presidency?
the suspension of habeas corpus
50
what was the significance of Hayes' "corrupt bargain" of 1876?
ends reconstruction - a deal that allowed Hayes to become president even though he didn't win the popular vote. he agreed to end reconstruction and withdraw troops from the south
51
Pluralist era definition
coincided with the development of major interests dominating politics and the US becoming a world power
52
Which period did the republican party beliefs shift?
pluralist era
53
McKinley and the US emerging onto the world stage
the republican party moves from liberals to economic conservatives - development of new industrial corporations, emerging as a worldwide economy
54
Pluralism
competition between interest groups rather than political parties
55
Debate between Roosevelt and Taft on the powers of the presidency - Roosevelt's view
Expanded presidency - the president is a servant of the American people and his job is to serve them and help them be great (Stewardship theory)
56
Debate between Roosevelt and Taft on the powers of the presidency - Taft's view
Presidency defined by the constitution - no residual power, power only from the constitution itself
57
Wilson and the Treaty of Versailles
Ended WWI - wanted to focus on peace and creating the league of nations; the senate rejected the treaty which showed the US challenge in international affairs
58
Harding and the "smoke-filled room"
1920 meeting during the RNC where party leaders secretly negotiated for Harding to be the next presidential candidate "Smoke-filled room" - meaning backroom deals and lacking transparency
59
Hoover and the coming of the Depression as a prelude to FDR's New Deal
Hoover's failure to address the Great Depression set up FDR for a hands-on approach to changing the government's role in the economy
60
FDR and the "welfare and warfare" states - Welfare state
development of social security, unemployment insurance, expanded expenditures on health care, expanded social services
61
FDR and the "welfare and warfare" states - Warfare state
no standing military until this point. FDR sees the US to become a dominant world military force
62
FDRs 4 freedoms - 4 cornerstones of American Democracy
Speech Worship From want From fear
63
Truman and civilian control of the military
Elected officials should have authority over the military and government decisions so that the military leaders don't have power over policy - maintain a balance of power
64
Eisenhower and transcending preemption
administration aimed to prevent conflicts through the threat of overwhelming force while also promoting international alliances and cooperation; avoid unnecessary escalation and instead focus on containing communism through economic and military support for allies
65
LBJ and the "Great Society"
set of programs aimed at ending poverty and racial injustice
66
Nixon and Watergate definition
Break-in at the DNC headquarters and the subsequent cover-up. the scandal led to revelations of abuse of power and ultimately resulted in nixon's resignation in 1974
67
Ford's pardon of Nixon
pardoned for any crimes committed while in office, controversial decision airmed to help the country heal and move forward but it sparked debate over accountability and the rule of law
68
Jimmy Carter and the significance of the Camp David accords
landmark peace agreement between Israel and Egypt. Demonstrated carter's commitment to diplomacy and had lasting impacts on Middle Eastern politics, promoting dialogue and cooperation
69
Plebiscite Era
Retail politics go away - wholesale/media politics come to life; no consistent dominant party in the executive or legislative branches

Pres Leadership (1 decks)

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