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Acc 218 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Data vs Information

A

Data is raw and chaotic collected facts, information is data that has been organized to form a conclusion

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2
Q

6 Elements of an IT system

A

Bit- binary digit
Byte- group of bits to make a character
Field- word or date or smth
Record- one instance/ row
File- group of records
Database- logically related files

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3
Q

Structured Data

A

Defined numerical data that can be put in a spreadsheet

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4
Q

Unstructured Data

A

Images, video, audio, takes up more room, cannot fit into spreadsheet :(

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5
Q

Relational Database

A

Interrelated tables connected by similarities

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6
Q

Object Oriented Database

A

Data is connected by objects, objects are similar to a record

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7
Q

NoSQL Database

A

No structure, everything is stored individually

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8
Q

5 Vs of Big Data

A

Volume- quantity
Velocity- speed data is generated
Variety- diversity of data
Veracity- accuracy and truthfulness
Value- (most important) ability to be converted into useful information

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9
Q

Dashboard

A

Interactive real time reports

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10
Q

Visualization

A

Graphical representation of data

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11
Q

4 Categories of data analytics

A

Descriptive- what happened
Diagnostic- why did it happen
Predictive- what is likely to happen
Prescriptive- what should we do about it

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12
Q

7 stages of SDLC

A

Planning- identify needed resources
Analysis- identify requirements
Design- requirements into specifications
Development- create the system
Testing- validate the system
Implementation- give it to users
Maintenance- keep that shit going

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13
Q

Waterfall vs Agile

A

Waterfall- traditional method each step is done after the previous is completed
Agile- hop around more flexible

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14
Q

Sprints, product backlogs, and sprint backlogs

A

sprint- single iteration of project
product backlogs- list of features
sprint backlogs- what the team will work on during current sprint

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15
Q

Elements to be considered when choosing a data base

A

Data variety, data volume, scalability, and purpose

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16
Q

Conceptual vs logical vs physical ERD

A

Conceptual - identify tables and relationships
Logical- more detail, field names in the tables
Physical- technical design

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17
Q

Primary vs Foreign key

A

Primary- field used to identify the record
Foreign- primary key used in a different table

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17
Q

Data redudancy

A

same data being stored in multiple places

18
Q

Referral integrity

A

FK can’t exist without it being a PK somewhere else

19
Q

Entity integrity

A

PK cannot be empty

20
Q

Cardinality

A

Numeric relationship between data in two tables

21
Q

Plurality

A

How many records in table 2 relate to table 1

22
Q

Optionality

A

If there must be a record in table 2 for it to exist in table 1

23
Q

SQL

A

Structure query language to pull information

24
Q

How to Quuery

A

SELECT [field name] FROM [table name] WHERE [condition]

25
Q

Org Chart

A

diagram of employees

26
Q

Narrative

A

Written description of process

27
Q

Business Process Flowchart

A

Flowchart of business process

28
Q

Data Flow Diagram

A

Graphical representation of flow in data information system

29
Q

Business Flow Chart Shapes

A

Circle- Terminator
Rectangle- Process
Dimond- Decision
Triangle- Merge
Letter- Connector
Arrow- Flowline

30
Q

Emerging vs Disruptive technology

A

Emerging technology has recently entered the market but is not widely used, it becomes disruptive when it is widely used and companies must adapt it to stay competitive

31
Q

IoT AuT

A

Internet of Things- electronics connected to the internet
Autonomous Things- physical devices controlled by computers

32
Q

Extended reality

A

Augmented, mixed and virtual reality used for training, or protypes

33
Q

RPA

A

Software that is easily programed and managed

34
Q

Blockchain

A

Blocks formed in sequence to record digital transactions including new and previous blocks hast

35
Q

Cybersecurity

A

Protecting a computer or system

36
Q

NIST cybersecurity framework

A

Security controls for businesses

37
Q

Reconnaissance, access, and disruptive attacks

A

Reconnaissance- knowledge gathering
Access- getting into the network
Disruptive- Fucking shit up

38
Q

Physical vs logical attack

A

Physical-physical security, hardware, people
Logical- no human interaction fully digital

39
Q

Vulnerability scans

A

Checking security for loopholes

40
Q

Penetration tests

A

Attempting to hack your own system

41
Q

Patches

A

Software update to fix and improve issues

42
Q
A

Acc 218 (2 decks)

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