Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SOC-313. > Exam 2. > Flashcards

Exam 2. Flashcards

Master by October 23rd.

1
Q

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi, what must one do in order for a child to develop self-control?

A

Monitor their behavior.
Recognize deviant behavior.
Punish the deviant behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What did Joachim believe was the key to success?

A

Delaying gratification.
Self-discipline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who introduced the neutralization theory?

A

Sykes and Matza.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the neutralization theory?

A

Delinquents know their behavior is wrong, but they neutralize their sense of shame or guilt through justifications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 5 neutralizations?

A
  1. Denial of Responsibility.
  2. Denial of Injury.
  3. Denial of Victim.
  4. Condemnation of the Condemners.
  5. Appeal to higher loyaties.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the denial of responsibility?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the denial of injury?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the denial of victim?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the condemnation of the condemners?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the appeal to higher loyalties?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the apple barrel theory?

A

A rotted apple will cause the other ones around it to rot, especially the ones closest to it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the birds of the same feather flock together theory?

A

People will associate with others like themselves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the connection between crime and IQ?

A

Ability to think and act rationally.

Criminals have lower verbal IQ scores.

Poor school performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is temperament?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is personality?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are traits?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the reticular activating system (RAS)?

A

The regulator of the neurological system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are augmenters?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are reducers?

A
21
Q

What is psychopathy?

A
22
Q

What do biosocial criminologists believe?

A

Because humans have brains, genes, hormones, and an evolutionary history should be taken into account in the understanding of crime.

23
Q

What are behavior genetics?

A

Studies the relative contributions of heredity and environment to behavioral and personality characteristics.

24
Q

What percentage of the population have the “violence genes”?

A

1%

25
Q

What is Gene/Environment Interaction (GxE)

A

Involves the notion that people are differentially sensitive to identical environmental influences.

26
Q

What is Gene/Environment Correlation (rGE)?

A

Genotypes and the environments they find themselves in are related.

27
Q

What is passive rGE?

A

Biological parents provide genes for certain traits and an environment favorable for their expression.

Ex: Intelligence and an environment where intellectual behavior is modeled and reinforced.

28
Q

What is evocative rGE?

A

The way others react to an individual based on their ‘evocative” behavior.

Ex: kind vs. ill-mannered children.

29
Q

What is active rGE?

A

Actively seeking environments compatible with our genetic dispositions.

30
Q

T/F: Genetic effects are more pronounced among chronic offenders who begin offending prior to puberty and continue to do so across the life course.

A

True.

31
Q

What is neuroscience?

A

Our experiences shape the patterns of our neuronal connections and our ability to successfully navigate our lives.

32
Q

What are neurons?

A
33
Q

What is the reward dominance theory?

A
34
Q

What is the behavioral activating system (BAS)?

A
35
Q

What is behavioral inhibition system (BIS)?

A
36
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A
37
Q

How impact does the flight/fight system (FFS) have?

A

It is regulated by adrenaline.
A weak FFS increases the risk of antisocial behavior.

38
Q

What is prefrontal dysfunction theory?

A

If the prefrontal cortex is damaged, it can increase the likelihood of antisocial behavior.

39
Q

What does the prefrontal cortex (PFC) do?

A

Regulates the executive functions of our brain, such as our moral judgement; ability to plan, analyze. (FINISH DEFINITION)

40
Q

T/F High testosterone can increase criminality among males of low socioeconomic status.

A

True.

41
Q

What are the main concepts of feminist criminology?

A
42
Q
A
43
Q
A
44
Q
A
45
Q
A
46
Q
A
47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A

SOC-313. (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions