Exam 2

Question 1

Define “evolution”

Question 2

Explain natural and sexual selection

Question 3

Recognize Darwin’s publications

Question 4

List Darwin’s initial evidence

Question 5

Define “abiogenesis”

Question 6

Define “evolutionary psychology”

Question 7

Define “adaptation”

Question 8

Recognize psychological adaptations

Question 9

List psych. traits attractive for women

Question 10

Explain gene selection theory

Question 11

Define “sexual dimorphism”

Question 12

Explain sexual strategies theory

Question 13

Explain parental investment theory

Question 14

List mating preferences for men

Question 15

Explain fidelity/infidelity adaptations

Question 16

Explain how sexual orientation and gender identity are adaptive

Question 17

Describe error management theory

Question 18

Explain cost asymmetries

Question 19

Explain sexual overperception bias

Question 20

Define “genetics” and “gene”

Question 21

Describe Mendel’s experiment

Question 22

Discriminate genotype/phenotype

Answer 22

The genotype is a set of genes in DNA responsible for unique traits or characteristics, while the phenotype is the physical appearance or characteristic of an organism.

Question 23

Identify nucleotide base pairs in DNA

Question 24

Describe genetic replication

Question 25

Describe RNA’s function

Question 26

Define “nature”, “nurture” and “behavioral genetics”

Question 27

Identify research techniques used in behavioral genetics

Question 28

Define “epigenetics”

Answer 28

-The study of how environmental and behavioral factors affect gene expression without changing the DNA sequence
-It focuses on how environmental factors can “turn on” or “turn off” gene expression, allowing organisms to adapt more rapidly to their surroundings.

Question 29

Define “quantitative genetics” and “heritability coefficient”

Question 30

Explain polygenic inheritance

Question 31

Explain Lamarckian inheritance

Question 32

Explain DNA methylation

Answer 32

The addition of a methyl group to DNA, typically to a cytosine base. It often represses gene expression and affect how cells function

Question 33

Identify triggers for DNMT3

Question 34

Explain histone modification

Answer 34

Histones are proteins that package DNA into chromosomes. Modifying these histones, like adding or removing acetyl groups, can either activate or repress gene expression.

Question 35

Describe GWAS

Answer 35

GWAS examine genomes and epigenomes across large populations to identify specific variants linked to particular traits;
helped uncover how epigenetic mechanisms, influence physiological and psychological traits: including autism, cancer, and mental disorders.

Question 36

Identify heritable epigenetic effects

Question 37

Define “social neuroscience”

Question 38

Recognize soc. neuroscience tools

Question 39

Identify social processing areas

Question 40

Explain the neuroscience of prejudice

Question 41

Describe how social factors can influence social behavior

Question 42

Discriminate kinds of empathy

Question 43

Explain mirror neurons

Question 44

Identify empathy processing areas

Question 45

Describe factors influencing empathy

Question 46

Describe broken mirror theory

Question 47

Define “stress”

Question 48

Explain the HPA axis

Question 49

Recognize hormones for stress

Question 50

Explain GAS

Question 51

Define “karoshi”

Question 52

Identify love processing areas

Question 53

Describe vagus nerves

Question 54

Recognize hormones for love

Question 55

Compare OT and AVP

Question 56

Explain love and stress relationship