Exam 2

Question 1

What is the primary pigment in urine?

Answer 1

Urochrome

Question 2

The protein section of the urine reagent is most sensitive to

Answer 2

Albumin

Question 3

In the ketones section of the reagent strip, what product of fatty acid metabolism does it NOT detect?

Answer 3

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate

Question 4

Why would the specific gravity be significantly high using a refractometer?

Answer 4

Due to contaminants like radiographic dye crystals

Question 5

Failure to blot the reagent strip may result in ________

Answer 5

runover

Question 6

What is the icto test used to detect?

Answer 6

Bilirubin

Question 7

A squamous epithelial cell covered in bacteria is _______

Answer 7

Clue cell

Question 8

If the reagent patch is negative for blood with the microscopic showing WBCs, what should we suspect?

Answer 8

The patient is taking an excessive amount of ascorbic acid

Question 9

What would be found in the urine of a healthy individual after strenuous exersice?

Answer 9

RBCs and hyaline casts

Question 10

An increase in bilirubin with a normal urobilinogen may indicate

Answer 10

Bile duct obstruction

Question 11

Specific gravity testing using sound waves is

Answer 11

Harmonic oscillation densitometry

Question 12

The cast most indicative of end stage renal disease are

Answer 12

Waxy casts

Question 13

Which type of proteinuria results in increased protein in blood specifically low-molecular-weight proteins and resolves once the level of plasma proteins returns to normal

Answer 13

Overflow (Prerenal) proteinuria

Question 14

What substance is found in urine of healthy individuals in small amounts?

Answer 14

Urobilinogen (0.2mg/dL)

Question 15

Which proteinuria results from inflammatory process in urinary tract?

Answer 15

Postrenal proteinuria

Question 16

What cell is most commonly associated with contamination?

Answer 16

Squamous epithelial cells

Question 17

A patient was recently in a car accident. Urinalysis:

Color : brown
Blood : positive
Microscopic : no blood present
Blood sample : contains severe hemolysis
What is actually present?

Answer 17

Hemoglobin

Question 18

What causes yellow foam in urine?

Answer 18

Bilirubin

Question 19

What is last read on the reagent strip?

Answer 19

Leukocyte esterase

Question 20

What can cause a fruity smell in urine?

Answer 20

Ketones

Question 21

A muscle injury

Answer 21

Myoglobinuria

Question 22

Reagent strips (Chemstrip) for ketones contain ________ and __________

Answer 22

Acetoacetate and acetone

Question 23

Which WBC produce a negative leukocyte esterase result?

Answer 23

Lymphocyte

Question 24

What is the reaction testing for?

Indicator dye + Protein —> H+ ions released from indicator

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

# What is the reaction testing for? Double sequential enzyme reaction

Answer 25

Glucose

Question 26

# What is the reaction testing for? Pseudoperoxidase activity

Answer 26

Blood

Question 27

# What is the reaction testing for? Acetoacetate + Sodium nitroprusside (+GLY) ---> Purple color

Answer 27

Ketones

Question 28

# What is the reaction testing for? Modified Ehlrich's reaction

Answer 28

Urobilinogen

Question 29

# What is the reaction testing for? Protons released from polyelectrolyte ---> pH decrease and color change

Answer 29

Specific gravity

Question 30

# What is the reaction testing for? Ind^- + H+ ions ---> H-Ind

Answer 30

pH

Question 31

# What is the reaction testing for? Esterase reaction followed by azo coupling reaction

Answer 31

Leukocyte esterase

Question 32

What can make urine yellow?

Answer 32

Bilirubin and urochrome

Question 33

What can make urine red?

Answer 33

Beets

Question 34

What can make urine black?

Answer 34

Melanin

Question 35

What can make urine orange?

Answer 35

Urobilin

Question 36

What substance is colorless?

Answer 36

Urobilinogen

Question 37

What crystal is coffin lid shaped?

Answer 37

Triple phosphate

Question 38

What crystal looks like hexagonal plates?

Answer 38

Cystine

Question 39

What crystal looks like thorny apples?

Answer 39

Ammonium biurate

Question 40

What crystal has notched corners

Answer 40

Cholesterol

Question 41

Reagent strips should be stored at what temperature

Answer 41

Room temp or 19-30C

Question 42

Urine specific gravity should be measured using refractometry in the presence of what

Answer 42

Protein and glucose

Question 43

Ascorbic acid can cause a false negative in what

Answer 43

Blood

Question 44

A patient with RBC casts will be positive in ____ and ____

Answer 44

Blood and protein

Question 45

The presence of bacteria may indicate a positive result of

Answer 45

leukocyte esterase or nitrite

Question 46

Ascorbic acid is also known as

Answer 46

Vitamin C