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HORT 315 Exam 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

Aerial Enviro, Irradiance, and Light

1
Q

Atmosphere

A

Air
Thin layer no more than 12 kilo high

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2
Q

Hydrosphere

A

Water
limited supply of water in rivers, glaciers lakes and underground

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3
Q

Lithosphere

A

Soil
Crust of soil minerals and rocks going 1 thousand meters into earths crust

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4
Q

Aerial environment

A

portion of ecosphere that exists above soil and to the tip of the plant
-Irridiance, temp, atmosphere, organisms

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5
Q

Components of aerial environment

A

irradiance and temp result of thermonuclear radiation from sun

atmosphere pollution harmful to plants

pollinators or pathogens

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6
Q

ultimate source of irradiance and ultimate black body ?

A

solar radiation/the sun

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7
Q

Thermonuclear fusion

A

reactions inside the sun-
Hydrogen converting to Helium

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8
Q

Nuclear fission

A

induced fission reaction
(Uranium 235)

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9
Q

bunsen burner color

A

depends on oxygen supply

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10
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

light is both wave and particle

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11
Q

how a rainbow forms

A

bending of light through atmospheric rain droplets results in light moving into respective bands = rainbow

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12
Q

photoelectric effect

A

zinc exposed to UV light releases electrons and becomes + charge.
These e create electrical current that can be measured
(the turn circle video from class)

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13
Q

quantum theory

A

quantum energy of wavelength is proportional to its freq and WV

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14
Q

color blindness

A

red, blue , green cone disorder

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15
Q

If there were no scattering of air molecules, the sky would be

A

pitch black and stars visible all day long

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16
Q

solar zenith angle

A

dominant direction of sun rays

where will shade be thrown?

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17
Q

surface intensity

A

amount of light in location with climate
-seasonal differences, latitude and clouds

AZ and NV highest in summer and winter

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18
Q

photochemical reactions

A

ability of irradiance to affect bio organisms
light-> photoreceptor-> primary reaction-> 2nd action-> development

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19
Q

radiometry

A

measurement of flux

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20
Q

spectroradiometry

A

measures radiant flux dependent upon the WV of the radiation

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21
Q

pyranometer

A

measure solar radiation

22
Q

photometry

A

measures CIE photopic curve

(human eye measurement)

23
Q

PAR

A

measures flux used by plants

24
Q

UV damage

A

DNA- absorbs UV-B radiation and breaks the dna coding path

skin- skin cancer

mutations- added limbs

snow blindness

25
Q

how plants use light?

A

photomorphogenesis

26
Q

light can impact seed growth

A

weeds use light to germinate earlier

27
Q

chlorophyll synthesis

A

germination in the dark= etiolated spindly yellow growth

green shows when light is present

28
Q

chloroplasts in light

A

low light- orient flat to maximize surface area
high light- stack to protect against death

29
Q

how do plants protect against sun?

A

curl leaves to avoid water loss

waxy coating

change angle of leaves to avoid sun rays

30
Q

LAI

A

quantity of leaves on crop

structure of canopy by # of land surface area
4-6

31
Q

Phytochrome

A

pigment responsible for photomorphogenic growth responses

red and far red ratios

red light = good plant
far red light= etiolated plant

exposure to light follows last light to grow

32
Q

Decoteau’s black box

how we learned plants respond to different colors of light?

A

-break light off into diff. colors to treat plants
-measure growth of each light

33
Q

photoperiodism to change flowering

A

flash light = long day= energy daver = doramcy and flowering impact

34
Q

cryptochrome

A

blue light pigment

35
Q

Practical uses of growth regulators

A

reduces height by inhibiting gibberellins in stem petals and flowers

36
Q

row orientation and light

A

east-> west= utilize light more efficiently

north to south shade eachother easier

37
Q

greenhouse orientation and light

A

north-> south= morning sunshine

38
Q

filtering light

A

emitted radiation can be modified with the uses of filters, shade cloth…

39
Q

types of filters

A

neutral density- reduce light intensity without changing light quality

color filter- used to remove certain colors

40
Q

energy friendly filters

A

vegetation, trees, manipulating light for home heating/cooling

41
Q

spectral filtering

A

modify incoming sunlight
-light comes thru corrugated panels filled with colored water
-hot water heats greenhouse

42
Q

feeding space

A

uses nutrient film hydroponics with reflective walls to retain light

43
Q

explain the outcome of three treatment groups for phytochrome light treatments

A

red- shorter and more compact

far red- taller stems to reach for more light

far red interrupted- similar to red, reverts far red light impact

44
Q

explain the varied ways to orient your rows for economic optimization

A

follow slope of land= more access to light, but hard to harvest

straight lines= quicker to work, less light availability

45
Q

in regards to sunlight, which orientation of rows is more efficient?

A

East to west because it follows the natural sun movement in the sky throughout the day

46
Q

explain how and why chlorophylls move when exposed to high or low light

A

chlorophyll cells move to be more spread out when in low light to cover more leaf surface area= more sunlight

in high light, they stack to avoid stress

47
Q

why are PAR sensors generally more useful than other radiation measuring instruments?

A

they measure the wavelength of absorption of sunlight that is most efficient for photosynthesis

48
Q

why is it beneficial for plants to be able to measure the ratio of red to far red light ?

A

to help avoid growing over eachother. no unwanted stretch
proximity to other plants

49
Q

what are the layers of the ecosphere

A

atmosphere- air
hydrosphere- water
lithosphere- soil

50
Q

what is the difference between solar noon and 12:00 noon?

A

solar noon is around 2-4pm in PA

51
Q

describe photomorphogenesis, what pigment is important and provide an example of a photomorphogenic response in plants

A

light mediated development of plants where plants respond to light environment

phytochrome is an important pigment that regulates the germination of seeds in response to the absence or presence of light

Heliotropism is when sunflowers follow the sun through the sky to be more visible to pollinators

HORT 315 Exam 2 (1 decks)

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