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Geography 120 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What climates are in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Tropical rainforest, desert, savannah, mediterranean

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2
Q

What do they use for energy/fuel in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Oil/gas from foreign export, wood/charcoal are often used

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3
Q

Population stats/demographics/pyramids of Sub-Saharan Africa

A

Mostly younger people, large migrant population, has a total fertility rate of 5, densest areas is Rwanda and Burundi

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4
Q

What religion is in the north of Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Islam with Shia and Sunni branches

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5
Q

What religion is in the South of Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Christianity

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6
Q

What religion is scattered throughout Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Animism–especially in remote areas

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7
Q

What’s the relation between colonists and nation identities in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

-In the Berlin Conference no African leaders were included
-Tribal boundaries were ignored
-Many countries gained independence in the 50’s-60’s

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8
Q

What is happening in the Sahel?

A

Desertification is happening as a result of overgrazing

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9
Q

What is being doing to combat desertification in the Sahel?

A

they’re planting a green wall

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10
Q

How did Swahili become a Lingua Franca?

A

different languages mixed, used in tanzania and kenya

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11
Q

What other languages are lingua francas and where?

A

English and French in Northern/Western Africa

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12
Q

Economic growth in sub-saharan Africa and where?

A

some growth in Nigeria, but usually a struggle because of the corruption

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13
Q

Berlin Conference

A

No African leaders were included, European countries divided up Africa into countries without taking tribes into consideration. France took most of west Africa

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14
Q

Boko Haram

A

An Islamic terrorist group that is working to take over the Nigerian government, located in Chad/Cameroon

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15
Q

Kleptocracy

A

Is when corruption is a normal part of the government, generally the leaders in poor countries take the wealth

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16
Q

What are some resources in Southwest Asia and North Africa?

A

There is lots of oil–69% of the worlds reserves–and the Qanat system which takes water from place to place which is super impactful considering that water is scarce.

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17
Q

What are the religion(s) of Southwest Asia and North Africa?

A

Islam is now the main religion but some countries may have different denominations such as the Shia in Iran. Israel is very Jewish. Judaism came first as a religion, then Christianity, finally then Islam.

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18
Q

What are women’s roles in Southwest Asia and North Africa?

A

There is usually a lot of repression lots seen through clothing, ability to drive, as well as permission to leave the country.

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19
Q

Economy of Southwest Asia and North Africa?

A

Economy highly based in oil and natural gas exports. There is a high youth unemployment, written off as “taking time off”

20
Q

What is the Arab-Israeli conflict?

A

When Israel was created in 1948 tensions raised between the Jews and the Palestinians, the few resolutions were tried, didn’t work to resolve the conflict.

21
Q

Balfour Declaration

A

British supports the creation of the Jewish state, Israel

22
Q

Qanat System

A

An irrigation system that transports water from underground

23
Q

What is the immigration within Europe like?

A

There’s a lot of internal immigration, open borders

24
Q

Why is there a ton of immigration happening/encouraged from Europe?

A

To fill worker jobs

25
Q

Population and settlement patterns within Europe?

A

Negative RNI and low birth rates

26
Q

Urban geography in Europe?

A

Circular cities, primate cities, these were built over time with different levels and era, lots of urbanization

27
Q

What are the different religions in Europe?

A

Mostly Christian, Catholics, Protestants, Muslims, and in the past before the holocaust, Jews (held 90% of the population of the Jews)

28
Q

What are the languages in Europe?

A

90% of people speak languages from Romantic, Germanic, and Slovic language families and the languages are common throughout the world.

29
Q

Schengen Agreement

A

This is the borderless Europe concept

30
Q

Balkanization

A

Breaking up of a country based on ethnicity
ex: when Yugoslavia becomes Serbia

31
Q

Climate of Eurasia?

A

Shaped by the high latitude, and harsh continental climate type

32
Q

Natural resources of Eurasia?

A

Exports gas, has 24% of the worlds gas reserves

33
Q

What is the urban geography of Eurasia?

A

Circular cities and mikroraions

34
Q

What is the language of Eurasia?

A

Slavic language group dominates

35
Q

What is the economy like in Eurasia?

A

Uses Centralized Economic Planning, IT is a growing sector here

36
Q

How/why is the population distribution related to the physical geography of Eurasia?

A

Ukrainian/Russian Conflict

37
Q

Irredentism

A

Take back territory that’s “already yours”

38
Q

Mikroraions

A

Housing projects built in the 70’s-80’s in the former Soviet Union

39
Q

Exclaves

A

Part of a country that is disconnected from the rest of the country (not islands)

40
Q

Russification

A

When they would send out ethnic Russians to expand influence on republics, now Russians are coming back to emphasize local culture within Russia

41
Q

What explains the diversity of European land?

A

-Complex geology of western Eurasia landmass
-Extensive latitudinal range
-Human settlement

42
Q

What four seas encircle Europe?

A

-the Baltic
-the North Sea
-the Mediterranean
-the BlackSea
plus the Atlantic Ocean

43
Q

European lowland?

A

economic focus and high population density

44
Q

European alpine?

A

Series of mountain ranges, border and cultural divides

45
Q

European central uplands?

A

older highland regions, source of raw materials

46
Q

European highlands?

A

Europe’s oldest highlands, fjords

47
Q

Russian mountains?

A

Ural Mountains

Geography 120 (5 decks)

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