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CL EXAM 2 > EXAM 2 > Flashcards

EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three out comes of Social Exchange?

A

rewards, costs, outcomes

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2
Q

Rewards:

A

Anything we find desirable

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3
Q

Costs:

A

Anything we find undesirable

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4
Q

Outcome:

A

profit or loss from the rewards and costs

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5
Q

Reward - Cost =

A

Outcome

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6
Q

what is the comparison level?

A

The outcomes we believe we deserve and have come to expect from relationships (aka expectations)

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7
Q

What is the comparison level for alternatives?

A

Outcomes that are possible in an alternative partner or a different situation

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8
Q

What are comparison levels influenced by?

A

Investments, self-esteem, access to others, awareness of alternatives

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9
Q

How many types of relationships are there according to interdependence theory?

A

4

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10
Q

Happy stable relationships

A

Expectations met

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11
Q

Happy instable relationships

A

Expectations met but better alternatives

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12
Q

unhappy stable relationship

A

expectations are not met, no better alternatives

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13
Q

unhappy unstable relationship

A

expectations not met, better alternatives available

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14
Q

Changing expectations

A

Individual expectations can increase comparison level

Cultural expectations increase the comparison level

Cultural changes increase the Comparison level for alternatives

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15
Q

Bad is stronger than good

A

costs are more impactful than rewards

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16
Q

Should maintain…

A

5-1 rewards-to-cost ratio to have a satisfying relationship

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17
Q

Love languages

A

should be found out for both partners

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18
Q

Approach motivation:

A

-Pursue pleasure
-motivation is to feel good
-feel positive emotions when we approach desired experiences

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19
Q

Avoidance motivation

A

-avoid costs
-motivation is to escape punishment or avoid pain
-the goal is to avoid negative feelings associated with undesirable experience

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20
Q

Self expansion model

A

Proposes that individuals are attracted to partners that expand their range of interests, skills, and experiences

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21
Q

Interdependency

A

exists when we need others and they need us to in order to obtain valuable interpersonal rewards

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22
Q

Outcomes - CL =

A

Satisfaction or Disatisfaction

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23
Q

Communal Relationships

A

Partners feel a special concern for partners’ well-being and provide favors and support for one another without expecting repayment

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24
Q

Exchange relationships

A

People do favors for others expecting to be repaid by receiving comparable benefits in return.

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25
Q

Equitable relationships

A

each partner gains benefits from the relationship that are proportional to his or her contributions to it.

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26
Q

What leads to satisfactions/dissatisfaction in equitable relationships

A

-one partner is over-benefited: receiving better outcomes than he/she deserves

-one partner being under benefitted: recieving less than he or she should

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27
Q

Marital statistics (decrease/increase) over time

A

Decrease

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28
Q

What are the characteristics of friendship

A

Respect, trust, capitalization, and social support

29
Q

Respect

A

moral qualities, consideration for others, accpetance of others, and the willingness to listen.

30
Q

Trust

A

Selflessly taking ones interest into account, alert to our wishes and reliable

31
Q

Capitilization

A

Sharing good news and their excitement being more pleasure to oneself

32
Q

Social support

A

emotional and social support
Physical comfort, material support and advice

33
Q

Benefits of social support

A

Higer relationship satisfaction and personal well-being

34
Q

Responsivness

A

Attentive and supportive recognition of our needs

35
Q

childhood friendships

A

Acceptance in the ealry elementary years, intimacy in preadolesence, and sexuality entering the teen years

36
Q

Adolesence

A

Less with family and more time with peers

Attachment needs with peers

37
Q

Young adult hood

A

We learn to form enduring committed intimate relationships

38
Q

Midlife

A

Dyadic withdrawal: The more they see of a lover, the less they see of their friends

39
Q

Gender differences in friendships

A

Women’s friendships are face-to-face
Men’s friendships are side-to-side

40
Q

Womens friendships

A

emotional sharing and disclosure
Women self-disclose more than men and provide more emotional support and express more feelings of affection

41
Q

Mens friendships

A

Shared activities, companionship, and competition

42
Q

What are the two friendship difficulties?

A

Loneliness and shyness

43
Q

Lonliness

A

The discrepancy between the number and quality of partnerships that we want and the number that we currently have

-Loneliness is bad for your health
- negative outlooks and reserved behavior perpetuate loneliness

44
Q

Shyness

A

The tendency to feel awkward worried or tense during social encounters
- Fear anticipates negative reactions from others
-Doubt themselves
-Display inhibited behavior-make less eye contact, smile less, talk less

45
Q

General friendship difficulties

A

-More Americans live alone
Americans have fewer intimate relationships
-1 in 4 American adults report that they don’t have a single intimate friend

46
Q

Watch link on bb abt sheldon!!!

A

Answers tips for being a good friend

47
Q

Sternbergs Triangular theory of love

A

There are 3 components of love: passion, intimacy, commitment

48
Q

Sternbergs triangular theory of love: Passion

A

Intense physical attraction and desire

49
Q

Sternberg’s triangular theory of love: Intimacy

A

Feelings of closeness, ability to have personal feelings and desires

50
Q

Sternbergs triangular theory of love: Commitment

A

An intent/ A decision

51
Q

7 types of love: Liking

A

Intimacy only, friendship

52
Q

7 types of love: Infatuation

A

Passion only-initial attraction

53
Q

7 types of love: Empty Love

A

Comitment only ex. parents staying together for kids

54
Q

7 types of love: Fatuous Love

A

Passion and commitment (FWB)

55
Q

7 types of love: Romantic love

A

intimacy and passion (love love dating)

56
Q

7 types of love: Compassionate love

A

Intimacy and commitment (one of the most successful)

57
Q

7 Types of Love: Consummate Love

A

intimacy, passion, and commitment (one of the most successful)

58
Q

What are the 3 types of love in romantic relationships?

A
  • romantic passionate love
  • Companionate love
  • compassionate love
59
Q

Romantic Passionate Love

A

-Physiological arousal
-highlevels of intimacy
-feelings of dependency
-genuine caring and concern for the other person
-Feelings are intense and urgent

60
Q

Permissiveness with affection standard

A
  • most disapprove of hookups
  • the sexual double standard has diminished
    men hold more permissive sexual attitudes and are more accepting of casual sex
61
Q

Americans’ attitudes about same-sex relationships

A

usually have positive, accepting attitudes about same-sex relationships

62
Q

Sex for the first time

A

-97% of people have sex before they get married
-Average age 17 years old
-80% of people have had sex by age 17
-Most first-time experiences occur in a committed relationship

63
Q

Sex in committed relationships

A

Most sex = Married and cohabiting couples
Decrease in sexual interactions - 2year drop
Less sex after children

64
Q

Sex and old age

A

Couples have less sex as they age

65
Q

Which couples have most sex

A
  1. Gay men 2. Heterosexuals 3. Lesbians
66
Q

Sexual behaviors: Infedelity

A

Most people are opposed to this behvior

67
Q

Rate of occurrence in infidelity

A

1 in 3 men are likely to
1 in 5 women are likely to

68
Q
A

CL EXAM 2 (1 decks)

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