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EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three out comes of Social Exchange?

A

rewards, costs, outcomes

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2
Q

Rewards:

A

Anything we find desirable

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3
Q

Costs:

A

Anything we find undesirable

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4
Q

Outcome:

A

profit or loss from the rewards and costs

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5
Q

Reward - Cost =

A

Outcome

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6
Q

what is the comparison level?

A

The outcomes we believe we deserve and have come to expect from relationships (aka expectations)

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7
Q

What is the comparison level for alternatives?

A

Outcomes that are possible in an alternative partner or a different situation

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8
Q

What are comparison levels influenced by?

A

Investments, self-esteem, access to others, awareness of alternatives

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9
Q

How many types of relationships are there according to interdependence theory?

A

4

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10
Q

Happy stable relationships

A

Expectations met

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11
Q

Happy instable relationships

A

Expectations met but better alternatives

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12
Q

unhappy stable relationship

A

expectations are not met, no better alternatives

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13
Q

unhappy unstable relationship

A

expectations not met, better alternatives available

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14
Q

Changing expectations

A

Individual expectations can increase comparison level

Cultural expectations increase the comparison level

Cultural changes increase the Comparison level for alternatives

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15
Q

Bad is stronger than good

A

costs are more impactful than rewards

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16
Q

Should maintain…

A

5-1 rewards-to-cost ratio to have a satisfying relationship

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17
Q

Love languages

A

should be found out for both partners

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18
Q

Approach motivation:

A

-Pursue pleasure
-motivation is to feel good
-feel positive emotions when we approach desired experiences

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19
Q

Avoidance motivation

A

-avoid costs
-motivation is to escape punishment or avoid pain
-the goal is to avoid negative feelings associated with undesirable experience

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20
Q

Self expansion model

A

Proposes that individuals are attracted to partners that expand their range of interests, skills, and experiences

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21
Q

Interdependency

A

exists when we need others and they need us to in order to obtain valuable interpersonal rewards

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22
Q

Outcomes - CL =

A

Satisfaction or Disatisfaction

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23
Q

Communal Relationships

A

Partners feel a special concern for partners’ well-being and provide favors and support for one another without expecting repayment

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24
Q

Exchange relationships

A

People do favors for others expecting to be repaid by receiving comparable benefits in return.

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25
Equitable relationships
each partner gains benefits from the relationship that are proportional to his or her contributions to it.
26
What leads to satisfactions/dissatisfaction in equitable relationships
-one partner is over-benefited: receiving better outcomes than he/she deserves -one partner being under benefitted: recieving less than he or she should
27
Marital statistics (decrease/increase) over time
Decrease
28
What are the characteristics of friendship
Respect, trust, capitalization, and social support
29
Respect
moral qualities, consideration for others, accpetance of others, and the willingness to listen.
30
Trust
Selflessly taking ones interest into account, alert to our wishes and reliable
31
Capitilization
Sharing good news and their excitement being more pleasure to oneself
32
Social support
emotional and social support Physical comfort, material support and advice
33
Benefits of social support
Higer relationship satisfaction and personal well-being
34
Responsivness
Attentive and supportive recognition of our needs
35
childhood friendships
Acceptance in the ealry elementary years, intimacy in preadolesence, and sexuality entering the teen years
36
Adolesence
Less with family and more time with peers Attachment needs with peers
37
Young adult hood
We learn to form enduring committed intimate relationships
38
Midlife
Dyadic withdrawal: The more they see of a lover, the less they see of their friends
39
Gender differences in friendships
Women's friendships are face-to-face Men's friendships are side-to-side
40
Womens friendships
emotional sharing and disclosure Women self-disclose more than men and provide more emotional support and express more feelings of affection
41
Mens friendships
Shared activities, companionship, and competition
42
What are the two friendship difficulties?
Loneliness and shyness
43
Lonliness
The discrepancy between the number and quality of partnerships that we want and the number that we currently have -Loneliness is bad for your health - negative outlooks and reserved behavior perpetuate loneliness
44
Shyness
The tendency to feel awkward worried or tense during social encounters - Fear anticipates negative reactions from others -Doubt themselves -Display inhibited behavior-make less eye contact, smile less, talk less
45
General friendship difficulties
-More Americans live alone Americans have fewer intimate relationships -1 in 4 American adults report that they don't have a single intimate friend
46
Watch link on bb abt sheldon!!!
Answers tips for being a good friend
47
Sternbergs Triangular theory of love
There are 3 components of love: passion, intimacy, commitment
48
Sternbergs triangular theory of love: Passion
Intense physical attraction and desire
49
Sternberg's triangular theory of love: Intimacy
Feelings of closeness, ability to have personal feelings and desires
50
Sternbergs triangular theory of love: Commitment
An intent/ A decision
51
7 types of love: Liking
Intimacy only, friendship
52
7 types of love: Infatuation
Passion only-initial attraction
53
7 types of love: Empty Love
Comitment only ex. parents staying together for kids
54
7 types of love: Fatuous Love
Passion and commitment (FWB)
55
7 types of love: Romantic love
intimacy and passion (love love dating)
56
7 types of love: Compassionate love
Intimacy and commitment (one of the most successful)
57
7 Types of Love: Consummate Love
intimacy, passion, and commitment (one of the most successful)
58
What are the 3 types of love in romantic relationships?
- romantic passionate love - Companionate love - compassionate love
59
Romantic Passionate Love
-Physiological arousal -highlevels of intimacy -feelings of dependency -genuine caring and concern for the other person -Feelings are intense and urgent
60
Permissiveness with affection standard
- most disapprove of hookups - the sexual double standard has diminished men hold more permissive sexual attitudes and are more accepting of casual sex
61
Americans' attitudes about same-sex relationships
usually have positive, accepting attitudes about same-sex relationships
62
Sex for the first time
-97% of people have sex before they get married -Average age 17 years old -80% of people have had sex by age 17 -Most first-time experiences occur in a committed relationship
63
Sex in committed relationships
Most sex = Married and cohabiting couples Decrease in sexual interactions - 2year drop Less sex after children
64
Sex and old age
Couples have less sex as they age
65
Which couples have most sex
1. Gay men 2. Heterosexuals 3. Lesbians
66
Sexual behaviors: Infedelity
Most people are opposed to this behvior
67
Rate of occurrence in infidelity
1 in 3 men are likely to 1 in 5 women are likely to
68

CL EXAM 2 (1 decks)

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