Exam 2 Flashcards
What makes it more likely that a person will develop PTSD?
Genetics, previous mental illness diagnosis
Know characteristics of PTSD
1 -month minimum _ recurrent recollection and distress related to the trauma with marked arousal, exposure to traumatic events
-recurrent, involuntary and intrusive distressing memories of the trauma, recurrent distressing dreams
-dissociative reactions where individual feels as if the trauma events are recurring
-intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic events
-marked psychological reactions to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic events
Avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma
Know the difference between GAD, agoraphobia, and panic disorder when it comes to criteria.
GAD: 6 month duration, excessive anxiety about a number of events and activities , persistence is key here,
Agoraphobia: 6 month duration, fear or anxiety of being in situations from which escape would be difficult
Panic: 1 month duration , recurrent unexpected panic attacks
Know the different types of phobias
Animal type, natural environment type, blood-injection-injury type, situational type, and other types
Know the types of obsession and compulsions in OCD
O: 1.) recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted, and that in most individuals cause marked anxiety or distress
2.) individual attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, urges or images or to neutralize them with some other thought or action (i.e by performing a compulsion)
C: 1.) repetitive behaviors or mental acts that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly
2.) the behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental acts are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive
Know body dysmorphic disorder, hoarding disorder and trichotillomania
BDD: excessive preoccupation with perceived defects in appearance
Hoarding:
Excoriation: Skin picking
Trichotillomania: Hair pulling
Know the characteristics of disassociation
Separation of mental processes, perception, memory and self-awareness no longer working together- amnesia, identity problems, derealization , and depersonalization
Know the difference between dissociate amnesia, depersonalization disorder. And DID
Dis. Amnesia: Significant memory impairment for important experiences — generalized, selective and localized amnesia
Depersonalization: Feeling detached from one’s own body, robotic
DID: Two or more distinct personalities (alters) that take turns controlling one’s behavior
Understand the concerns about the DID criteria
Personality states left undefined, no way to indicate when an alter has taken control, difficult to distinguish from malingering (faking illness), difficult to distinguish from rapid cycling bipolar
Understand characteristics of somatic symptom disorders
medically unexplained physical symptoms that impair functioning.
NEURO: brain activity similar to OCD, disruption in serotonin activity, thalamus and basal ganglia
PSYCH: misinterpretation of bodily signals, catastrophic thinking
SOCIAL: stress, cultural
Know the difference between the illness anxiety disorder and functional neurological symptom disorder
Illness anxiety: preoccupation with and fear of. Having a serious or deadly disease - based on misinterpreting bodily symptoms
Functional neurological symptom disorder: sensory or motor symptoms not as a result of known medical condition
Know the Cluster A disorders and what other disorders might be related to
PARANOID: mistrust and suspiciousness
SCHIZOID: restricted range of emotions in social interactions - tend to appear emotionless
SCHIZOTYPAL: eccentric thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors
Know the Cluster C disorders and what disorders they are similar to
AVOIDANT: social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy
DEPENDENT: submissive and clingy
OCPD: missing obsessions and compulsions
What is the definition of a personality disorder?
Lifelong pattern of perceiving themselves and reacting to others causing problems
Know the treatment adherence and success for personality disorders
Low adherence/success
