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Intro to American Politics > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is de jure?

A

Discrimination under the law
ex: Jim Crow Laws

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2
Q

What is de facto?

A

Discrimination based off of tradition and habit
ex: segregated neighborhoods

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3
Q

What did Dred Scott v. Sanford rule?

A

That black people (enslaved or not) were not citizens of the United States and Dred Scott did not have a right to sue

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4
Q

Why did the idea of the Emancipation Proclamation get popular?

A

This was to convince black men to join the union army
(and gave the war a higher purpose in the north)

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5
Q

What amendment ended slavery?

A

13th amendment

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6
Q

What are Black Codes?

A

Black Codes EXPLICITLY take away rights from former slaves

ex: a law that states “A Black person cannot be out past 6pm”

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7
Q

What amendment was in response to black codes?

A

14th amendment

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8
Q

What are the two parts of the 14th amendment?

A

1) A person that’s born into the U.S. or naturalized there is a citizen of the state and national government
2) due process (equal protection under the law)

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9
Q

Who got the right to vote with the 15th amendment?

A

Black men

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10
Q

What are Jim Crow Laws?

A

Laws that IMPLICITLY take away rights

ex: Grandfather Clause & Literacy Test

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11
Q

What did Plessy v. Ferguson establish?

A

“Seperate but equal”

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12
Q

What happened in Plessy v. Ferguson?

A

Plessy went to the first train car (that was a whites only) and they kicked him out and arrested him
- case ruled that as long as things were “separate but equal” segregation was legal

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13
Q

What branch was segregated until WWII?

A

Army

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14
Q

What was the group that was formed to collect money for court cases?

A

NAACP

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15
Q

What strategy was used to push against Plessy v. Ferguson?

A

Litigation

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16
Q

What are ways to represent in Congress?

A

1) Policy
2) Allocative
3) Casework
4) Symbolic
5) Descriptive

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17
Q

What is policy representation?

A

Proposing bills, voting, making policies

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18
Q

What is allocative representation?

A

Bringing back money to the district/state

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19
Q

What is casework representation?

A

Helps an individual constituent
ex: Having trouble getting your passport

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20
Q

What is symbolic representation?

A

Acting if you are apart of the constituency or state
ex: Kim Reynolds going to the Iowa WBB game

21
Q

What is descriptive representation?

A

Looking like your demographic

22
Q

What is the paradox of congress?

A

Assuming everyone hates congress but keeps voting for the same person

23
Q

Which part of Congress is a majoritarian chamber?

A

House of Reps

24
Q

Which part of Congress is an individualistic chamber?

A

Senate

25
Q

Elizabeth Warren brings up a bill about education, what is this called?

A

Setting the agenda

26
Q

What happens after a bill is introduced?

A

They get assigned a number and a committee (where they will most likely die)

27
Q

What is the committee process?

A

Committee debates, has hearings, markups, and then goes to the floor (chamber)

28
Q

Does the filibuster exist in the House?

A

No

29
Q

What is a Filibuster?

A

Delaying action on a bill

*ex: Ted Cruz reading Green, Eggs, and Ham to Congress to stop Obamacare

30
Q

Why is a filibuster so important?

A

Congress must have cloture

31
Q

What is Cloture?

A

60 votes (3/5th) of Senate have to vote to end filibuster

32
Q

What is more important than a filibuster?

A

The threat of a filibuster

33
Q

What is a Conference Committee?

A

Made up of House & Senate members that reconcile the two different versions of a bill

34
Q

What is different about modern conference committees?

A

Very closed off, just negotiations, not in an actual meeting

35
Q

What happens if the president signs a bill?

A

Offers a signing statement

36
Q

What happens if the president vetos a bill?

A

Send a “Veto Statement” back to Congress

37
Q

Who is the Speaker of the House?

A

Mike Johnson

38
Q

Who is the Reps majority leader?

A

Steve Scalise

39
Q

Who is the Reps majority whip?

A

Tom Emmer

40
Q

Who is the Reps minority leader?

A

Hakeem Jefferies

41
Q

Who is the reps minority whip?

A

Katherine Clark

42
Q

Who is the leader of the senate?

A

Vice President (Kamala Harris)

43
Q

Who is the President Pro Tempore?

A

Patty Murray

44
Q

Who is given the President Pro Tempore position?

A

Longest serving member of the majority party

45
Q

Who is the senate majority leader?

A

Chuck Schumer

46
Q

Who is the senate majority whip?

A

Dick Durbin

47
Q

Who is the senate minority leader?

A

Mitch McConnell

48
Q

Who is the senate minority whip?

A

John Thune

Intro to American Politics (3 decks)

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