exam 2 Flashcards
chapters 456
deindustrialization
we now have less industry (manufacturing)
globalization
spread of production, communication, investment around the world
offshoring
sending jobs to other countries to save $ at the US company
labor unions
organizations that try to get better working conditions, wages for workers
wealth
$ and economic assets someone owns
income
amount of $ someone recieves/earns
working poor
spend at least 27wks/year working or looking for work but still below poverty line
shift work
non standard work hours (not 8-5)
current us unemployment rate
3.7%
underemployed worker
have part-time job but want full time or have job below their experience/skill level
absolute poverty
not enough $ for basic needs
relative poverty
not enough $ to maintain the average standard of living
poverty line
min income the gov deems is necessary for a basic standard of living
who are disproportionately poor?
a. children
b. women (single moms)
c. racial/ethnic minorities
chronic homelessness
long term, because of disabled condition (mental, physical, alcoholism)
economic homelessness
bc of economic conditions. (recession, layoff) shorter term
2 person single career
spouse works behind the scenes for no pay to help others career
commuter marriage
spouses live apart for work reasons
dual-earner couples
both work outside home
dual-career couples
both are professionals/managers/lots of edu and training
gender pay gap
difference in men and womens income. women earn approx 82c/mens dollar
occupational sex segregation
channeling of men and women into different types of jobs
glass ceiling
barriers to upward mobilityg
glass escalator
pressures to move up in career (more men than women)
motherhood penalty
women who arent mothers can earn more $ than mothers
sex
biological traits
gender
learned attitudes and behaviors associated with being male/female
sociobiology
evolution and genetics influence how men and women act differently
social learning theory
we learn gender thru reinforcement (gets punished for gender innapro behavior, rewarded for gender appro behavior)
cognitive development theory
children acquire gender on their own by reasoning and identify with people of their sex
feminist theories
gender is constructed by society and taught to us
instrumental roles
men should be
a. procreator
b. protector
c. provider
expressive roles
women should provide emotion support and be a kin keeper (keep family close)
couples that are more egalitarian (equal)
same sex couples
_____ are more likely to finish college and earn masters degrees
women
______ are in higher paying fields of study
men
_____ are more religious but _____ are more likely to hold leadership positions in religion
women;men
conversational dominance
speak more frequently in public, direct, forceful
love involves…
a. caring
b. intimacy (self disclosure)
c. commitment
wheel theory of love
love develops thru a 4-stage circular process
1. rapport (feel at ease/comfy with them)
2. self-revelation (self disclose, reveal info about yourself)
3. mutual dependency (build eachother into your lives)
4. personality need fulfillment (meet each others emotional needs and not looking for anyone else)
triangular theory of love
love is made of
1. passion
2. intimacy
3. commitment
consumate love
“complete love” consists of all three parts of triangular theory
storge love
affectionate companions, friends
agape love
unselfish, patient love
mania love
obsession, jealousy, emotionally dependent on partner
pragma love
practical and rational; compatibility
ludus love
carefree, casual love
eros love
intense emotional attachment and physical attraction (romeo and juliet)
narcissist
sees self as better than partner
romantic love
passionate, melodramatic, short-lived, focused on how oneself feels
long-term love
deeper, put partner first, companionship is key, shared values and interests
arranged marriages
parents/relatives are involved in choosing childs mate
