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exam 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Insomnia

A

difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep at night.

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2
Q

transient insomnia

A

maybe caused by stress, excitement, or a change in sleeping arrangements or occurs while traveling.

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3
Q

Chronic insomnia

A

underlying medical behavior, or psychiatric problem.

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4
Q

sleep apnea

A

condition in which the person stops breathing for brief periods during sleep.

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5
Q

obstructive apnea

A

is the most common type. it is caused by a relaxation of the soft tissues, which allows partial to total obstruction of the airway.

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6
Q

snoring

A

is a harsh sound that accompanies breathing during sleep, it is caused by vibration or obstruction of the airway passages at the back of the nose and mouth.

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7
Q

Narcoepsy

A

sudden onset, recurrent, uncontrollable, brief episodes of sleep during normal hours of wakefulness in a well- rested person.

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8
Q

normal sleep follows a course through two states

A

NON rem and REM

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9
Q

REM sleep

A

is the time in which you dream and a period of high levels of activity. HR, BP, and respirations are similar to the levels when awake.

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10
Q

NON REM and REM last, and how many times does a person cycle through these two states.

A

about 90 minutes, and repeats the cycle 5 or 6 times.

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11
Q

The first state of NON REM

A

is the transition stage. light sleep and muscles relax.

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12
Q

The second stage of NON REM

A

falls into a deeper sleep, brain wave activity becomes larger, with bursts of electrical activity.

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13
Q

how long does stage 2 NON REM last

A

10 to 20 minutes

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14
Q

how long does NON REM stage one last

A

this stage lasts a few minutes

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15
Q

stage 3 NON REM

A

delta sleep, or slow wave sleep period, high voltage slow brain waves occur. RR and HR slow in this stage and body become immobile.

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16
Q

stage 3 NON REM last?

A

20 to 40 minutes.

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17
Q

stage 4 NON REM

A

deepest sleep, it is hard to wake someone up

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18
Q

stage 4 NON REM last

A

30 minutes.

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19
Q

REM lasts?

A

20 minutes, 25 percent of the night is spent in REM SLEEP.

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20
Q

Fiberglass cast

A

Synthetic casts dry from 7 to 20 minutes and may be hardened enough to be durable within 30 mins.

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21
Q

Plaster casts

A

are often applied to a lower extremity because they withstand weight bearing better than synthetic. They take a few hours to a couple of days to dry and fully harden

22
Q

Turning or positioning patients with a spreader bar

A

A spreader bar is placed between the legs to maintain the desired angle at the hip and incorporated into the cast. DO NOT use a spreader bar as a handle to lift and turn the patient because it may be dislodged ruining the cast and causing pain/potential injury to the patient. To turn the patient, grasp the cast over the leg to assist in turning.

23
Q

CMS

A

Circulation movement sensation

24
Q

CMS Assessment

A

An assessment of the neurological and vascular health of a body part; specifically, of its capillary refill, pulses, motor function, and sense of touch

25
Q

Axillary Crutches

A

should be adjusted to the proper height to avoid resting the body’s weight on the bar which causes pressure on vital nerves and can occlude blood vessels in the axilla causing temporary or permanent damage.

26
Q

Canadian and lofstrand crutches

A

are used for long term use, they wrap around the arms and have a bar to grip

27
Q

Sleep time requirement, Newborns:

A

require at least 16 hours

28
Q

Sleep time requirement, age 1:

A

12 - 14 hr

29
Q

Sleep time requirement: preschool level

A

11-13 hours

30
Q

Sleep time requirement: school age children

A

10-11 hours

31
Q

Sleep time requirement :adolescents

A

9-10 hours

32
Q

Sleep time requirement: adults

A

7 to 7 1/2h hrs

33
Q

sedatives

A

tend to depress the respiratory rate. Always monitor the patient’s respiratory quality and rate when you administer narcotic analgesics and/or sedatives.

34
Q

Cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration) or skin color changes, particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

35
Q

Cilia

A

Cilia are hair-like structures that help protect the airways and lungs by moving microbes and debris up and out of the airways. When the cilia are not working properly this affects the way cilia clears the inhaled particles and bacteria from the lungs. This causes mucus to build up and leads to breathing problems and infections.

36
Q

Emphysema

A

is a type of lung disease that causes breathlessness. Usually caused by smoking.

37
Q

The tripod position

A

is when a patient leans forward and supports the upper body with hands on the knees to catch air.

38
Q

Proper use of the IS tool

A

10 slow breaths in the spirometer each hour the patient is awake.

39
Q

HIPAA

A

health insurance portability and accountability act.
leaving AMA and the patient’s chart
charting a patient’s refusal of a test, treatment, or procedure
documentation of pain, signs, and symptoms

40
Q

SBAR

A

situation, background, assessment and recommendation

41
Q

Flowsheet documentation

A

is a critical tool for documenting long data and information as assessments and observations as well as providing checklists for routine care. Vital signs, intake, and output information.

42
Q

Narrative notes charting AKA source-oriented

A

is organized by source or author of the documentation entry. Phrases and sentences written without any standardized structures, content, or form.

43
Q

Charting by exception

A

focuses on the deviations from predefined norms, using preset protocols and standards of care.

44
Q

CPOE- computerized provider entry.

A

Provides for efficient workflow because orders are entered into the computer. Automatically routed into the appropriate clinical area.

45
Q

Source-oriented charting

A

Has three components: Data, Action, and Response (DAR) or Data, Action, and Evaluation (DAE)

46
Q

Computer-assisted charting

A

Contains five basic parts: the database, the problem list, the plan, the progress notes (in which all members of the health care team document), and the discharge summary

47
Q

Case management system charting

A

Based on the assumption that all standards of practice are carried out and met with a normal or expected response unless otherwise documented.

48
Q

Presbycusis

A

is the inability to hear high-pitched sounds and the inability to hear spoken words. This problem is often intensified with the presence of background noise.

49
Q

Tinnitus

A

or ringing in the ears, may cause further loss of hearing.

50
Q

Presbyopia

A

(farsightedness)gradual loss of your eye’s ability to focus on nearby objects

51
Q

Myopia

A

is nearsightedness - where near objects appear clear, but objects farther away look blurry.

exam 2 (2 decks)

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