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Functional Anatomy > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which ligament is ideally positioned to limit gapping of the anterior sacroiliac joint surface?

A

ventral sacroiliac ligament

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2
Q

Which movement of the sacrum is the long posterior sacroiliac ligament positioned to limit or restrain?

A

counternutation

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3
Q

What is the average amount of motion about any axis of the adult sacroiliac joint in an unloaded position?

A

2 degrees

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4
Q

Which ligament is ideally positioned to limit displacement between the posterior sacrum and the iliac tuberosity

A

posterior interosseous sacroiliac ligament

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5
Q

Which tissues contribute to increased force closure of the sacroiliac joint?

A

muscles, ligaments, and fascia (not cartilage)

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6
Q

What is the function of the sacroiliac joint?

A

relieve torsional stresses placed on the pelvis when walking

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7
Q

What movement of the sacrum is usually induced by vertically applied loads to the sacrum?

A

nutation

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8
Q

What motion of the sacrum are the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments positioned to restrain?

A

nutation

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9
Q

Which ligament is continuous with the long posterior sacroiliac ligament?

A

sacrotuberous ligament

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10
Q

Which ligament attaches the lateral and intermediate sacral crests of the S3, S4, and S5 segments to the posterior superior iliac spine?

A

long posterior sacroiliac ligament

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11
Q

Which structure of the ilium is located posterior to the iliac auricular surface?

A

iliac tuberosity

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12
Q

Which ligament attaches the middle sacral fossa to the iliac tuberosity?

A

posterior interosseous sacroiliac ligament

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13
Q

What structure separates the greater sciatic foramen from the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

sacrospinous ligament

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14
Q

Where is the joint capsule of the sacroiliac joint located?

A

deep to the anterior sacroiliac ligament

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15
Q

Which bony structure of the sacrum “interlocks” with the iliac ridge at the sacroiliac joint?

A

sacral groove

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16
Q

the primary kyphosis helps to increase

A

the size of the pelvic cavity

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17
Q

the sacral surface is covered by

A

hyaline cartilage

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18
Q

the iliac surface is covered by

A

fibrocartilage-like hyaline cartilage

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19
Q

the longitudinal groove along the center of the sacral auricular surface

A

sacral groove

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20
Q

the thick posterior rim of sacral groove that sometimes forms an accessory SI joint

A

sacral tuberosity

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21
Q

what landmark is found at the inferior end of iliac ridge

A

PIIS

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22
Q

the groove between iliac tuberosity and iliac ridge

A

iliac sulcus

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23
Q

the articular capsule is only located on which side

A

anterior

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24
Q

this ligament bends with the joint capsule while covering and prevents diastasis of the anterior joint surface

A

anterior sacroiliac ligament

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25
Q

this ligament connects to the sacral tubercles and articular process of S1 and S2 to the iliac crest and tuberosity

A

short posterior sacroiliac ligaments

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26
Q

this ligament connects S3 and S4 to the PSIS and inner lip of iliac crest

A

long posterior sacroiliac ligament

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27
Q

this ligament courses vertically and blend inferiorly with the sacrotuberous ligament

A

long posterior sacroiliac ligament

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28
Q

the long posterior sacroiliac ligament limits

A

counternutation (posterior tilting)

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29
Q

fascia of the glut max, erector spinae, and thoracolumbar attach onto the

A

LPSIL

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30
Q

the sacrotuberous ligament attaches to

A

PI sacrum and ischial tuberosity

31
Q

the sacrospinous ligament runs from the

A

anterior surface of the sacrum to the ischial spine

32
Q

the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments both limit

A

nutation (anterior inferior movement of sacral base)

33
Q

the sacrum is able to transmit longitudinal forces from the spine through the pelvis to the lower extremity because it is part of the

A

pelvic ring

34
Q

the sacroiliac joint is what type of joint in function

A

stress-relieving, buffers torsion

35
Q

under vertical loads the sacrum tends to tilt

A

forwards and downwards, rotating around bonnaire’s tubercle

36
Q

which muscles are involved in active force nutation

A

erector spinae, rectus abdominis, and biceps femoris

37
Q

which ligaments are stretched during nutation

A

interosseous and sacrotuberous

38
Q

the wider posterior edge of the S1 segment will move and separate from

A

inferiorly, the ilia

39
Q

the wider anterior end of the S3 segment will move and tends to

A

upwards, separate

40
Q

in flexion the axis of rotation passes

A

backwards from pubic symphysis to the greater sciatic notch

41
Q

in extension the axis of rotation passes

A

from pubic symphysis through the pelvis between the ischium and coccyx

42
Q

hip flexion causes the ipsilateral ilium to glide

A

backwards across the sacrum compressing it, pivoting around the symphysis

43
Q

hip extension causes the ilium to glide

A

forward and flare away from the sacrum

44
Q

a lateral force and friction are needed to withstand the impact of

A

vertical load on the pelvis

45
Q

pain from the SIJ is located primarily and refers

A

over the joint sulcus (inferior), distally

46
Q

what two structures do proper or true joints adhere to

A

Bone to bone

47
Q

examples of proper joints

A

Transverse

48
Q

examples of false joints

A
49
Q

the tectorial ligament is a continuation of which ligament

A

posterior longitudinal

50
Q

what membrane is pierced by C2 nerve and if thickened causes a posterior ponticle to form

A

Posterior Atlanta occipital membrane

51
Q

what are the four parts of the vertebral artery

A
52
Q

the function of the tectorial membrane is to

A

High frequency vibrations, hearing

53
Q

the function of the transverse ligament is to

A

stabilize the dens to the atlas

54
Q

what muscles cause retraction/protraction of the cervical spine

A
55
Q

orientation of pedicles when viewed from above

A
56
Q

orientation of pedicles when viewed from below

A
57
Q

boundaries of the cervical IVF

A
58
Q

the two accessory ligaments in the SI joint

A

Scarotuberous sacrospinous

59
Q

which ligament transverses the acetabular notch

A
60
Q

which artery is found at the fovea

A

Foveal artery

61
Q

coxa valga

A

Increase in angle, over 135

62
Q

coxa vara

A

Decrease, less than 120

63
Q

angle in inclination of the neck of the femur

A
64
Q

which muscles attach the the greater trochanter

A

Glut med/min, piriformis, obturators

65
Q

which muscles attach to the lesser trochanter

A

Psoas major and iliacus

66
Q

what muscle attach to the trochanteric fossa

A

Obturators and gemellus

67
Q

which muscles attach to the intertrochanteric line

A

Vastus lateralis and medialis

68
Q

which muscles attach to the linea aspera

A

which muscles attach to the gluteal tuberosity

69
Q

innervation of the abductor muscles

A
70
Q

innervation of anterior thigh muscles

A
71
Q

gluteus medius action during walking

A

Prevents pelvis from dropping on opposite side

72
Q

hip abductor torque vs hip abduction angle

A
73
Q

how does hip joint position effect the function of the piriformis muscle

A

Functional Anatomy (4 decks)

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