Exam 2 Flashcards
(36 cards)
CompStat
A crime-analysis and police-management process built on crime-mapping that was developed by the NYPD in the 1990’s
Fusion Center
A multiagency law enforcement facility designed to enhance cooperative efforts through a coordinated process for collection, sharing, and analyzing information in order to develop actionable intelligence
Interpol
International Criminal Police Organization
-Began in 1946
-182 member nations today
Chain of Command
The unbroken line of authority that extends through all levels of an organization, from the highest to lowest
Span of Control
The number of police personnel or the number of units supervised by a particular officer
Unity of Command
Every individual officer has only one supervisor
Evidence-based policing
The single most powerful force for change in policing today
-EBP uses research into everyday police procedures to evaluate current practices
-Involves the use of the best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers.
Discretion
Police discretion is the exercise of choice in the decisions to investigate or apprehend, the disposition of suspects, carrying out of official duties, and the application of sanctions.
Patrolling officers often decide against a strict enforcement of the law, preferring instead to handle situations informally
Landmark case
A precedent-setting court decision that produces substantial changes in the understanding of the requirements of due process and the practical day-to-day operations of the system
Exclusionary rule
Evidence illegally seized by the police cannot be used in a trial
Good faith exception
Evidence seized on the basis of good faith, but later shown to be a mistake, may still be used in court
Plain view doctrine
Evidence visible to the police may be seized without a warrant as long as the police have a legal right to be in the viewing area and cause to believe the evidence is somehow associated with criminal activity
Probable cause
A set of facts that would induce a reasonable person to believe that a crime was committed
Reasonable suspicion
Would justify an officer in making further inquiry or in conduction further investigation
-Sufficient for an investigative detention but not arrest
Fleeting target exception
An exception to the exclusionary rule that permits law enforcement officers to search a motor vehicle based on probable cause and without a warrant
Suspicionless search
A search conducted without a warrant and without suspicion
Compelling interest
-A legal concept that provides a basis for suspicion less searches when public safety is an issue
Think entering football games and they check your bag
Police subculture
-A particular set of values, beliefs, and acceptable forms of behavior with which the police profession strives to imbue new recruits
-This process of informal socialization plays a bigger role than the formal police academy training
Slippery slope
Even a small thank you accepted from a member of the public can lead to more ready acceptance of larger bribes.
1983 lawsuit
A civil suit brought under Title 42, section 1983 of the U.S. code against anyone who denies others their constitutional right to life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
Bivens claim for federal peeps
Mission of police
Enforcing the law, Apprehending offenders, preventing crime, Predicting crime, preserving the peace, providing services
Benefits of crime mapping
Find crime hot spots so agencies can develop strategies to help control crime in these high risk areas
Levels of law enforcement
Federal - State - Local
Size of U.S. police departments
Varies
Importance of civilian employees
