Exam 2 Flashcards
Sylvian Fissure
The sylvian fissure is an extremely deep groove invaginating into the area between the temporal lobe and the parietal and frontal lobes.
Cingulate gyrus
The cingulate gyrus receives input from medial portions of the thalamus as well as association areas in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe and parietal lobe. The cingulate gyrus is important in the control of emotion, including pain perception as well as in the formation of long term memories.
Retrograde amnesia
a loss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was learned, before an injury or the onset of a disease. temporary loss of consolidation
Anterograde amnesia
loss of the ability to create new memories after the accident. permanent loss of consolidation
Primary somatosensory cortex
postcentral gyrus. The postcentral gyrus processes information related to the touch and muscle senses including fine touch, pressure, the ability to feel vibration on the skin and kinesthesia sense.
Posterior parietal lobe cortex
the right – spacial relations info. receives both somatosensory input from the postcentral gyrus as well as visual input
Primary motor cortex
precentral gyrus. controls the execution of precision motor (thread a needle)
Striate cortex
primary visual cortex in occipital lobe. corresponds to area 17
Extrastriate cortex
makes up the bulk of the occipital lobe. area 18 & 19. Projections from the extrastriate cortex to the parietal lobe are necessary for the perception of the spatial location of objects while projections from the extrastriate cortex to the temporal lobe are important for shape perception.
Inferior temporal cortex
receives visual input from the occipital lobe. processes visual form and pattern information
Prefrontal cortex
planning and judgement. located in frontal lobe (phineas gage – bar through head)
pure word deafnes
speech is fluent & meaningful. patient cannot understand own speech. can’t understand spoken language but can read. can name objects he sees. Wernicke is disconnected from the auditory system
alexia without agraphia
fluent and meaningful speech. right visual blindness. can write but cannot read his own writing. left occipital lobe and posterior corpus callosum are damaged.
limb apraxia
speech is fluent and meaningful. can carryout verbal commands with the right hand but can’t with the left. corpus callosum damage prevents verbal info from reaching the right hemisphere
left hemineglect
right posterior parietal lobe damage causes this. patients put all clock numerals on the right side or only draw their right side in portrait
