Exam 2 Flashcards
The rem cycle consists of what 2 cycles?
NREM and REM
How many stages are in NREM sleep?
3
REM sleep occurs how long after stage 1 of NREM?
90 minutes
how long does REM sleep last
20 minutes
What all do we experience during REM sleep? (6 things)
variable vital signs, rapid eye movement, absent skeletal muscle tone, increased gastric secretions, vivid+ lucid dreaming, difficulty arousing
What can disrupt sleep in a patient? (5 things)
waking up for unnecessary treatment, exposure to computer light, time consuming treatments, poor sleep environment, frequently entering room
How can we promote rest for our patients? (5 things)
assess problems first and only treat if necessary, do as much outside the room as possible (this can eliminate computer light), reschedule long treatments if possible, keep room quiet, keep good sleep environment
What is a good sleep environment?
calm, cool, quiet, dark
In the ICU, we may limit patient distractions by establishing?
visiting hours
Why does sleep apnea occur?
air passages relax while sleeping which blocks air flow
Signs and symptoms of sleep apnea?
excessive snoring, daytime sleepiness, headaches from lack of oxygen, gasping
What is the only definitive way to diagnosis sleep apnea?
sleep study
What are the ways to treat sleep apnea
CPAP, CPAP + oxygen, lifestyle modifications
What is insomnia caused by
poor sleep hygiene, medical conditions, shift work, stress
What are things that can cause poor sleep hygiene?
video games, music, blue and bright lights
What is always the last resort to treat insomnia?
medication
What should we do 30 minutes before sleep?
night ritual/ calming activity
What is narcolepsy?
when someone falls asleep uncontrollably
What can make narcolepsy worse?
strong emotions
Is there a cure for narcolepsy? how do we treat it?
no ; medications
Those experiencing narcolepsy can experience?
cataplexy and sleep paralysis
What is our primary concern for patients with narcolepsy?
safety, high fall risk
We should tell our patients that beds should only be used for?
sleeping and sexual activity
What supplement commonly found in nighttime tea can help promote sleep
valerian
We should educate our patients that valerian commonly?
interacts with other medications
What is the STOP Bang assessment?
assessment to evaluate risk of sleep apnea
Those that score in the intermediate and high risk range of STOP bang assessment need what?
a sleep study
What gender is more likely to have sleep apnea?
males
What is community acquired pneumonia?
acquired outside of the healthcare setting
What are the risk factors for community acquired pneumonia?
older adult, never received pneumonia or not within 6 years, no flu vaccine previous year, chronic health condition, exposure to respiratory infection, alcohol or tobacco use (includes second hand smoke)
What are the risk factors for health care acquired pneumonia?
older adult, chronic lung disease, gram negative bacteria in mouth, altered LOC, recent aspiration, feeding tubes, poor nutrition, immunocompromised, drugs or feedings that Increase gastric pH
Nursing intervention to prevent HCAP
