Exam 2

Question 1

The rem cycle consists of what 2 cycles?

Answer 1

NREM and REM

Question 2

How many stages are in NREM sleep?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

REM sleep occurs how long after stage 1 of NREM?

Answer 3

90 minutes

Question 4

how long does REM sleep last

Answer 4

20 minutes

Question 4

What all do we experience during REM sleep? (6 things)

Answer 4

variable vital signs, rapid eye movement, absent skeletal muscle tone, increased gastric secretions, vivid+ lucid dreaming, difficulty arousing

Question 5

What can disrupt sleep in a patient? (5 things)

Answer 5

waking up for unnecessary treatment, exposure to computer light, time consuming treatments, poor sleep environment, frequently entering room

Question 6

How can we promote rest for our patients? (5 things)

Answer 6

assess problems first and only treat if necessary, do as much outside the room as possible (this can eliminate computer light), reschedule long treatments if possible, keep room quiet, keep good sleep environment

Question 7

What is a good sleep environment?

Answer 7

calm, cool, quiet, dark

Question 8

In the ICU, we may limit patient distractions by establishing?

Answer 8

visiting hours

Question 9

Why does sleep apnea occur?

Answer 9

air passages relax while sleeping which blocks air flow

Question 10

Signs and symptoms of sleep apnea?

Answer 10

excessive snoring, daytime sleepiness, headaches from lack of oxygen, gasping

Question 11

What is the only definitive way to diagnosis sleep apnea?

Answer 11

sleep study

Question 12

What are the ways to treat sleep apnea

Answer 12

CPAP, CPAP + oxygen, lifestyle modifications

Question 13

What is insomnia caused by

Answer 13

poor sleep hygiene, medical conditions, shift work, stress

Question 14

What are things that can cause poor sleep hygiene?

Answer 14

video games, music, blue and bright lights

Question 15

What is always the last resort to treat insomnia?

Answer 15

medication

Question 16

What should we do 30 minutes before sleep?

Answer 16

night ritual/ calming activity

Question 17

What is narcolepsy?

Answer 17

when someone falls asleep uncontrollably

Question 18

What can make narcolepsy worse?

Answer 18

strong emotions

Question 19

Is there a cure for narcolepsy? how do we treat it?

Answer 19

no ; medications

Question 20

Those experiencing narcolepsy can experience?

Answer 20

cataplexy and sleep paralysis

Question 21

What is our primary concern for patients with narcolepsy?

Answer 21

safety, high fall risk

Question 22

We should tell our patients that beds should only be used for?

Answer 22

sleeping and sexual activity

Question 23

What supplement commonly found in nighttime tea can help promote sleep

Answer 23

valerian

Question 24

We should educate our patients that valerian commonly?

Answer 24

interacts with other medications

Question 25

What is the STOP Bang assessment?

Answer 25

assessment to evaluate risk of sleep apnea

Question 26

Those that score in the intermediate and high risk range of STOP bang assessment need what?

Answer 26

a sleep study

Question 27

What gender is more likely to have sleep apnea?

Answer 27

males

Question 28

What is community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 28

acquired outside of the healthcare setting

Question 29

What are the risk factors for community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 29

older adult, never received pneumonia or not within 6 years, no flu vaccine previous year, chronic health condition, exposure to respiratory infection, alcohol or tobacco use (includes second hand smoke)

Question 30

What are the risk factors for health care acquired pneumonia?

Answer 30

older adult, chronic lung disease, gram negative bacteria in mouth, altered LOC, recent aspiration, feeding tubes, poor nutrition, immunocompromised, drugs or feedings that Increase gastric pH

Question 31

Nursing intervention to prevent HCAP