Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pbio > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Allopathy

A

the release of chemicals by certain plants that inhibit the growth of competing plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rhizome

A

a horizontal, underground stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tuber

A

An enlarged, fleshy, underground stem tip, such as the potato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bulb (corms)

A

Vertical, underground stem with food-storing leaves, covered by papery leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Taproot

A

A relatively large primary root that gives rise to smaller lateral roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vascular system

A

contains xylem and phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

xylem

A

the vascular tissue specialized for the conduction of water and minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

phloem

A

a vascular tissue that conducts organic materials and sugar transportation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cortex

A

parenchymous tissue, the region between the epidermis and vascular tissue in a herbaceous root or stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

epidermis

A

outermost tissue in all young and non-woody plant organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

root hairs

A

a root epidermal cell that functions in water absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

biennial

A

plant that completes its life cycle within two growing seasons ex. carrot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

herbivore

A

an animal that eats plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

perennial

A

a plant that continues to live for an indefinite number of years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Node

A

The region of a stem where the leaves or branches arise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Alkaloid

A

effects the nervous system of animals
bitter taste from nitrogen
caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, morphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Internode

A

Region on a stem between nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Aromatherapy

A

alternative approach to healing using essential oils extracted from plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Gluten

A

protein found in wheat, rye, barley and spelt. Crucial in giving bread rise and chewy, elastic texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Zein

A

corn protein could give a wheat-like dough, but bread still too flat and lacked dough strength.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Glycoside

A

sugar attached to an active compound

22
Q

Hypocotyl

A

region of a stem in a plant embryo that is below the cotyledons

23
Q

Radicle

A

an embryonic root found in the seed

24
Q

Codyledon

A

Seed leaf in the seed and seelding

25
Antioxident
an organic substance such as vitamin E that counteracts the damaging effects of oxidation
26
The genera of bacteria that form a symbiotic relationship with legumes
Rhyzobia
27
Legumes and rhyzobia are considered to be in a MUTUALLY symbiotic relationship
legume acts as the host, and the rhyzobia acts as a provider of usable nitrate (through nitrogen fixation)
28
Green Manure
young, uprooted plants that add organic matter and nutrients to the soil, the nutrients are utilized by the harvested crop
29
Crop rotation
The process of growing different species in the same area in sequential seasons. Benefits soil by adding different nutrients (nitrogen), keeps away pests, increases soil fertility
30
monoculture
Harvesting the same crop in same area for a large number of consecutive years. Benefit: large harvests with minimal labor. Disadvantage: Quick spread of disease
31
How does growing legumes benefit farmers and decrease their amount of needed artificial fertilizer?
When a legume dies, its remaining nitrogen, incorporated into its amino acids, is released back into the soil, then the amino acids are converted into nitrate, then available to other plants
32
What's the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids?
essential amino acids have to be consumed in diet because your body cannot synthesize them. The nonessential amino acids can be produced in your body
33
why is the peanut not a nut?
peanuts are legumes, with seeds that grow in pods. Nuts grow on trees
34
George Washington Carver
Black man born to a slave mother. Wrote book about self-reliance. Major leader for African Americans
35
First and second most common ingredients in processed food
high fructose corn syrup and corn starch
36
Why is grass able to be cut over and over and keep growing?
They have intercalary growth of leaves. Grass is capable of cell division which allows for rapid growth
37
Whats the difference and similarities between bulb, rhizome, tuber, and a root?
rhizome is a horizontal root underground or at the soils surface. A tuber is an enlarged underground stem tip like a potato. A bulb is an underground modified stem in monocots. They are all underground and edible and store energy
38
Four ways to extract volatile oils
1. distillation: steam 2. solvent extraction: alcohol 3. expression: squeezed out 4. enfleurage: fat
39
Anaerobic
oxygen free. good for nitrogen fixation
40
water soluble vs fat soluble vitamins
water soluble vitamins are not stored in your body and must be replaced everyday. (C) Fat soluble vitamins are stored in your body in your liver & fat tissue and do not have to be eaten each day. When cooked they aren't lost when cooked (D, A, K, E)
41
taproot vs fibrous root
taproot is main root with small branching lateral roots (carrot) and fibrous root lacks a central root (grasses)
42
difference btwn herbs and spices
herbs- cool, temperate areas, usually from leaves | spices- warm, tropical areas, from fruits & seeds
43
2 most common ingredients in processed food
corn, soybean
44
What is the plant that they isolated salicin from?
Willow Bark
45
annual
lives through only one growing season.
46
Cassava
known as tapioca. starchy. part of spurge family
47
Ginko Biloba (leaf)
Relieves cough and asthma, increase circulation
48
Snake Root
Originally for snake bites, soothing in tea, CNS blocks neurotransmitters resulting in relaxation of blood vessels
49
Feverfew (leaves)
Headaches/migraines, arthritis, depression
50
Yarrow
Anti cold and flu, anti-inflammatory, wound healing
51
Catnip (leaves)
nepetalactone- for cats! colds and flu soothes nervous system Calm upset stomach
52
Pacific Yew Bark
Useful against ovarian and breast cancer semi-synthetic drug from cultivated yews still harvested in India and China Similar to Periwinkle

Pbio (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions