Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

ACA Stroke Symptoms

A

transcortical motor aphaisa- hesistant speech
Cingulate cotex damage- emotional regulation problems
Frontal cortex- executive functions, impulsvitiy, disinhibition

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2
Q

MCA Stroke Symptoms

A
aphasias (broca and wernicke) 
Arcuate is intact- can repeat language
agnosias- object on left, faces on right
visuospatial deficits and contralateral sensorimotor signs, unilateral visual neglect
hand is more impairment than foot
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3
Q

PCA Stroke Symptoms

A

memory and fear responses are distrubed
visual and verbal memory, consciousness, movement and sensorimotor deficits due to brainstem-
cranial nerves 1-4

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4
Q

left hemisphere stroke

A

depression and catastrophic reactions (language)

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5
Q

right hemisphere strokes

A

indifference to deficits and increases over time

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6
Q

apperceptive agnosia

A

impaired visual perception- cannot recognize objects- usually diffuse damage in ventral stream

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7
Q

associative agnosia

A

impairment in persons ability to associate a percept with meaning- can still copy objects- damage is L, R, B occipitotempral region

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8
Q

prosopagnosia

A

cant recognize faces- bilateral damage- inferior tempo occiptial- just beneath calcarine fissure- asymetrically represented in R hemisphere

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9
Q

visual form agnosia

A

recognize line drawings of objects- ventral stream damage- LO region

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10
Q

optic ataxia

A

deficit in visually guided hand movements- occipitoparietal regions-

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11
Q

multagnosia

A

unable to perceive more than one object at a time- damage in ventral stream- diffuse

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12
Q

Alexia

A

inability to read- left hemisphere- word memory- left fusiform and left lingual area damage

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13
Q

topographical disorientation

A

inability to find ones way around- posterior cortex, posterior cingulate, parahippocampal, and lingual gyri

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14
Q

Simultanagnosia

A

Simultanagnosia – impairment in multi part or multielement visual displays
Dorsal simultanagnosia – post parietal
Ventral simultanagnosia – inferior temporooccipital

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15
Q

Body part phantoms

A

pain and feeling amputated body parts
evidence for mental schema
90% of amputees
inferior parietal lobe activation when “moving” phantom limbs(supramarginal and angular gyrus)

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16
Q

astereognosis

A

inability to perceive object by touch- postcentral gyrus, PE, PF

17
Q

afferent paresis

A

movements of the fingers are clumsy b/c of damage to postcentral gyrus, PE, PF

18
Q

simultaneuous extinction difficulties

A

inability to perceive two identical objects or two similar objects. But can ID two different objects, PE and PF in R. parietal lobe

19
Q

asomatognosia

A

loss of knowledge of one’s own body and bodily condition- lots of subtypes. PE and PF

20
Q

anosognosia

A

unawareness or denial of illness

21
Q

anosodiaphoria

A

indifference to illness- more common in R hemisphere

22
Q

autopagnosia

A

inability to localize body parts, most common is finger agnosia. Lateralized to posterior parietal lobule of L hemisphere

23
Q

gerstmann syndrome

A

finger agnosia, R/L confusion, acaculia, agraphia

L. hemisphere- PF and PG

24
Q

hemispatial neglect

A

unaware of the locations and objects contralateral to brain damage- most often R PPC- spatial attention disorder

25
Q

visual disorientation

A

cant accurately point to locations in space
lesion in occipitotemporoparietal junction
evidence of 2 independent cortical visual systems- object recognition and spatial location

26
Q

constructional apraxia

A
impaired visuoperception, visually guided action, and executive function
posterior parietal lobe
difference between R and L
R is detail but spatial problems
L  is bad detail
27
Q

Anterior intraparietal area AIP

A

object directed grasping

28
Q

parietal reach region PRR

A

visually guided reach

29
Q

lateral intraparietal area LIP

A

saccadic movements

30
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A

unable to imitate movements- will substitute some- can do it randomly sometimes but not on cue
left posterior parietal ctx

31
Q

sensory neglect

A

neglect of perceptual input- could be any perception

32
Q

motor neglect

A

neglect of response output- could have trouble maintaning, initiaintng, disenganging etc.

33
Q

neglect areas

A

IPL, 39, 40
DL frontal, cingulate, thalamus, basal ganglia, white matter
IPL is where and what system combine

34
Q

balints syndrome

A

simultagnosia, optic ataxia, psychic paralysis of gaze

bilateral lesions of PPL and occipital lobes