Exam #2 Flashcards
Step #1:
decide on a topic
Good speeches always require ________.
good planning
Step #2:
be ethical throughout the process
step 3:
determine the general purpose, the specific purpose, and the thesis statement
step #4:
define the audience
step 5:
support ideas with credible, documented information and sound reasoning
step 6:
draft the introduction, the body, and the conclusion
step 7
choose your language with care
step 8
deliver your speech with confidence
topic test 1:
is the topic compatible with the assignment’s requirements?
topic test 2:
is the topic one you can address in a way that benefits your audience?
topic test 3
does the topic interest you?
ethical guideline 1
resolve to pursue and to proclaim truthful content
ethical guideline 2
resolve to be fair in your pursuit and in your presentation of truthful content
ethical guideline 3
resolve to credit your sources in your pursuit and in your presentation of fair, truthful content
general purpose
to inform
to persuade
to inspire or entertain
specific purpose
a single phrase that defines precisely what you intend to accomplish in the speech
thesis statement
concisely states the idea that everything else in the speech will explain, justify, or demonstrate
knowing your audience…
helps you better understand what you must say and how you must say it
obstacles to knowing the audience
stereotyping
Demographic Characteristics
age gender ethnicity, race, cultural orientation educational and economic background religious and political association family background
psychographic characteristics
beliefs
attitudes
values
behaviors
situational characteristics
time and location of speech speech environment audience size audience knowledge of speaker and topic purpose for gathering
successful planners __________
avoid the age gap
successful planners jettison ______
gender stereotypes
successful planners determine ____
how much their audience knows
successful planners know ______
the group
successful planners recognize ____
the importance of considering the audience’s lifestyle choices and attitudes, beliefs, and values
successful planners consider
why their audience is an audience
two types of credibility:
source credibility
message credibility
source credibility
the extent to which the speaker is perceived as a competent spokesperson.
this is impacted by things like the speaker’s background, set of ethics, and his or her delivery.
message credibility
the extent to which the speech is considered to be factual and well supported through documentation.
supportive information that is sufficient, relevant, and timely will enhance the speaker’s message credibility.
research can change your speech in three ways:
- expanding it in one place
- streamlining it in another place
- taking it apart to accommodate new information
facts
non-statistical pieces of information that are verifiable and irrefutable
statistics:
the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of information in numerical form
examples
an instance or incident, whether real or hypothetical, that serves to illustrate a larger point
expert testimony
paraphrased or quoted ideas from one who is a recognized expert in a field
analogies
these point to similarities between what we know an understand and what we do not know or cannot accept
definitions
words from official sources that clarify the meaning of important concepts
fables, sayings, poems, and rhymes
succinct statements that colorfully encapsulate important ideas
visual support is used to ________
clarify and add interest
types of visual support:
5
computer graphics charts maps models pictures
five criteria for evaluating information
- use only authoritative sources
- use only accurate information
- use objective sources
- use relevant information
- use current information
