Exam 2

Question 1

What are the 6 steps of a needs assessment?

Answer 1

1. Determine the
   Purpose and Scope
   of the Assessment
2. Collect Appropriate
   Data
3. Analyze those data
4. Identify any factors
   linked to a health
   problem
5. Identify the
   program focus
6. Validate the need

Question 2

Needs Assessment:

Answer 2

The systematic identification of needs within a
population and the determination of the degree to
which those needs are being met

Question 3

Qualitative Data:

Answer 3

Information that is difficult to measure, count, or express in numerical form
⚬ ‘long answer’ questions
⚬ Participant impressions, feelings, experiences

Question 4

Quantitative Data:

Answer 4

Information that can be expressed in numerical terms, counted, or
compared on a scale
⚬ Weight lost, health status, health behaviors

Question 5

Primary Data:

Answer 5

Data that you collect yourself
⚬ Surveys, focus groups, direct observation

Question 6

Secondary Data:

Answer 6

Data that have already been collected by others
⚬ Commonly population based

Question 7

Examples of Individual Data Collection:

Answer 7

Surveys
* Interviews
* Key informant interviews

Question 8

Examples of Group Data Collection:

Answer 8

Observations
* Focus Groups

Question 9

Examples of Community Data Collection:

Answer 9

Community Capacity
Human capital, organizational resources, and social capital
that exist within a given community
that can be leveraged to solve collective problems
to improve or maintain the well-being of a given community

Question 10

Vision Statement:

Answer 10

One-sentence or one-phrase statement that describes the long-term desired change from
the efforts of the organization or program

Question 11

What is an example of a vision statement?

Answer 11

To ensure that all children are physically fit and nutritionally fed in order to learn, play,
and grow

Question 12

Mission Statement:

Answer 12

A statement of the general focus or purpose of a program

Question 13

What is an example of a mission statement?

Answer 13

The mission of the Childhood Obesity Initiative is to provide adequate nutrition and
physical activity education and resources to regional children so they are able to grow
and be healthy

Question 14

Goal:

Answer 14

Overarching principles that guide decision making

Question 15

What does SMART stand for?

Answer 15

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time-Sensitive or Time-Bound

Question 16

What are the 5 different types of objectives?

Answer 16

Program or Outcome
Behavioral
Learning or Instructional
Administrative or Process
Environmental

Question 17

Program or Outcome Objectives:

Answer 17

Related to the ultimate goal
 Represent a change in health status that is the desired
outcome of the program or intervention

Question 18

Behavioral Objectives:

Answer 18

Describe the behaviors or actions that the population
will engage to resolve the problem and lead to
attainment of program goals

Question 19

Learning or Instructional Objectives:

Answer 19

Short-term, specific descriptions of awareness,
knowledge, attitudes, and skills in relation to the
content being taught

Question 20

Administrative or Process Objectives

Answer 20

Detail the tasks or activities completed by the program
facilitators for the program to succeed

Question 21

Environmental Objectives

Answer 21

Refer to environmental or non-behavioral influences
on a health program
 Include social, physical, psychological, policy, and service
environments

Question 22

Implementation:

Answer 22

A specified set of activities designed to put into
practice an activity or program

Question 23

What needs to be considered prior to implementation

Answer 23

Create an Environment Conducive to
Learning
Develop Materials to Implement the
Program
Secure the Needed Resources to
Implement the Program

Question 24

What may need to be done once a project is implemented?

Answer 24

Monitor progress in accordance with timelines
 Assess progress in achieving objectives
 Ensure that the plan is implemented consistently
 Modify the plan when needed
 Monitor the use of resources
Monitor Implementation of Health
Education/Promotion
Leadership/political support
 Funding stability
 Collaboration/partnerships
 Organizational capacity
 Program adoption

Question 25

Health Literacy

Answer 25

The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

Question 26

What can be done to reach an audience regardless of their literacy level?

Answer 26

Use plain, everyday language when communicating health information
to consumers
 Use short sentences
 Define medical; or technical terms in the communication
 Supplement the reading material with other forms of education, such
as videos or pictures

Question 27

What are items to be considered when tailoring a message to a specific audience

Answer 27

Ethnicity
 Socioeconomics status (SES)
 Sex
 Age
 Geographic location
 Health status
 Health-related knowledge
 Literacy skills
Tailor Messages for Intended Audience

Question 28

Pilot Testing

Answer 28

Test comprehension and recall, determine personal relevance, and evaluate controversial elements

Question 29

Why should you have an evaluation plan?

Answer 29

guides you through each step of the evaluation
 helps you decide what sort of information you and your
stakeholders really need
 keeps you from gathering information that isn’t needed
 helps you identify the best possible ways to get the needed
information
 helps you come up with a reasonable and realistic timeline for
evaluation
 helps you improve your initiative

Question 30

What are the 5 types of evaluation

Answer 30

Formative
Process
Impact
Outcome
Summative

Question 31

Formative Eval:

Answer 31

Looks at the ongoing process of evaluation from planning to implementation

Question 32

Process Eval:

Answer 32

Any combination of measures that occurs as a program is implemented to assure or improve the quality of performance or delivery

Question 33

Impact Eval:

Answer 33

Focuses on immediate and observable effects of a program leading to the desired outcomes / goals

Question 34

Outcome Eval:

Answer 34

Focused on the ultimate goal, product, or policy and is often measured in terms of health status, morbidity, and mortality

Question 35

Summative Eval:

Answer 35

Often associated with measures or judgements that enable the investigator to draw conclusion from impact and outcome evaluations

Question 36

Change Agent:

Answer 36

Someone who is involved in activities that improve:
Social Change and Environmental Change

Question 37

Social Change:

Answer 37

The lives of individuals and communities locally and around the world

Question 38

Environmental Change:

Answer 38

The status of the environment locally and around the world

Question 39

Advocacy:

Answer 39

An activity by an individual or group which aims to
Influence decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions