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Sociology Perspective Final Exam > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Process of transforming the world towards greater independence and intergration

A

Globalization

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2
Q

Shift from primarily informal and expressive folk games, to formal activities of modern sport

A

Sportification (informal —> formal)

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3
Q

International sport transformed from events between individuals to event between nations

A

Totalization of sport (expanding comp)

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4
Q

Two political economic forces shaping globalization

A
  1. Globalization from above
    - neoliberal, race to the bottom
    - powerful, wealthy influential people
  2. Globalization from below
    - striving for economic fairness, political, democracy, social rights, environmental protection
    - gay games, par Olympics
    - inclusion
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5
Q

One way process which one culture is imposed on another

A

Homogenization/ Americanization

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6
Q

Fusion of cultural elements rather than only one predominant culture

A

Hybridization

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7
Q

Western and non western cultures moving in a dichotomous manner and producing division between cultural worlds

A

Polarization

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8
Q

Principles of McDonald’s coming to dominate more cultures

A

McDonaldization

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9
Q

5 Arjun appadurais cultural scapes

A

Ethnoscapes —> people
Mediascapes —> news, entertainment
Technoscapes —> science, medicine, technology
Finanscapes —> money
Ideoscapes —> ideologies

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10
Q

Ex of globalization from above and from below

A

Above
- Nike sweatshops
- world athletics
- olympics (IOC)

Below
- anti Nike sweatshop protest
- gay games
- paralympics

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11
Q

3 cultural forces shaping globalization

A
  • homogenization (Americanization)
  • hybridization
  • polarization
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12
Q

A society that occupies a territory
Community of people sharing a common identity

A

Nation

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13
Q
  • Social process of collective identity formation, brings national identities and political control into alignment
  • Your identification with that country
  • imagined because you cant physically meet everyone
A

Nationalism

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14
Q

When nationalism is reflected through sport

A

Sport nationalism

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15
Q

Imperialism vs colonialism

A

Imperialism - dominant interests of one nation claims materials of other nation (the idea)

Colonialism- dominating another nation, implanting settlements on other’s territory (the action/practice)

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16
Q

3 nationalisms

A
  1. Ethnic
  2. Civic
  3. Social
17
Q

Ethnic nationalism

A
  • exclusive
  • nation created by a shared ethnic/cultural identity (common religion, language, traditions)
  • government must identify with a certain group and represent them
18
Q

Civic nationalism

A
  • inclusive
  • anyone can became a member
  • peopel are defined by their citizenship
  • no pre-determined characteristics that you must have
  • ex: canada because its culturally diverse
19
Q

Social nationalism

A

Stresses the shared sense of national identity, community, culture
- outsiders can join and adapt
- more open and fluid

20
Q

The 3 nationalisms are based on:

A
  1. Telling stories about the past
  2. Constructing national mythology (who they are, where they came from)
  3. Inventing traditions
21
Q

Politics vs gov vs state

A

Politics - organizes the power
Gov - has the power
State - applies the power

22
Q

Canadian nationality law vs Korean nationality law

A

Canadian - you can have multiple citizenships
Korean - you cant have multiple citizenships

23
Q

5 political uses of sport

A
  1. Propaganda
  2. Nationalism
  3. Opiate of the masses (calms uncertainty)
  4. Exploitation of athletes
  5. Societal change
24
Q

Efforts to premote change

A

Activism

25
Q

Two types of social problems

A
  1. Norm violations —> drug abuse, teen pregnancy
  2. System bias —> sexism, racism
26
Q

Activism in sport - sport promoting change vs sport reflecting change

A

Promoting (events)
- 1968 olympics
- Katherine switzer marathon
- Billie jean and bobby riggs tennis match

Reflects (changes that come from them)
- indigenous teams changing names and mascots
- equiptment and training techniques changing
- more exercise for old people

27
Q

Describe 5 typologies of sport labour migration

A

Pioneers - glorify their sports, live laugh love their sport

Settlers - bring sports with them and settle in that society

Mercenaries - motivated by short term gains, “hired guns”, not here for the right reasons, auntie with Mercedes

Nomads - cosmopolitan, hoppers

Returnees - they come back

28
Q

Jus Sanguinis vs jus soli citizenship laws

A

Sanguinis
- rights of blood
- citizenship based on nationality of parents/family
- exclusive
- gender

Soli
- rights of soil
- citizenship based on the country they were born in
- inclusive

29
Q

3 levels of sporting migration

A
  1. Within nation
  2. Between nations, in same continent
  3. Between nations, different continent
30
Q

4 problems with sports and environment

A
  1. Intergenerational inequity - future generations are effected by the actions of current generations
  2. Intragenerational inequity - impacts of climate change are felt unequally across the world (canada vs china)
  3. Trans frontier inequity - environmental activities happening in one place impacts other places as well
  4. Inter species inequity - our actions effect plants and animals
31
Q

What are some ways that the environment can effect sports

A
  • 13 major stadiums will be under water by 2100
  • shorter ski seasons
  • athlete health being effected by air pollution
32
Q

How will the environment effect the future of the Winter Olympics

A
  • now becoming too warm for snow machines to be effective
  • hosting countries are now warmer in February
33
Q

Corporate environmentalism

A

Industry lead techniques and strategies for dealing with environmental issues

34
Q

Green sports alliance

A

A movement to make sports more sustainable

Sociology Perspective Final Exam (1 decks)

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