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Mental Health > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Serotonin low/high levels

A

Low: depressed mood, alterations in libido/sleep/appetite
High: serotonin syndrome

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2
Q

Norepinephrine low/high

A

Low: depressed mood, lack of focus
High: fight or flight symptoms

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3
Q

Dopamine high/low

A

Low: loss of joy/motivation/reward, Parkinson’s disease
High: psychosis, extreme elation

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4
Q

Dopamine mechanisms

A

Complex movements, motivations, cognition, regulation of emotional response

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5
Q

Norepinephrine mechanisms

A

Attention, learning, memory, sleep, wakefulness, mood regulation

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6
Q

Epinephrine mechanisms

A

Fight or flight

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7
Q

Glutamate mechanisms

A

Regulates nerve transmission

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8
Q

Serotonin mechanisms

A

Food intake, emotions, sleep, wakefulness

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9
Q

GABA mechanisms

A

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter, modulation of other transmitters

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10
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Pam-a-lams. Used for anxiety (lower doses), alcohol withdraw, agitation, conscious sedation (higher doses). Short term use. Calm the brain down.

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11
Q

MAOIs

A

Inhibits MAO, allowing norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine to accumulate in the synaptic cleft. Treats depression in patients that are unresponsive to other antidepressants.

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12
Q

MAOI drug to drug

A

Other antidepressants could cause hypertensive crisis. Need a “washout” period of at least two weeks before taking other antidepressants.

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13
Q

MAOIs food interactions

A

Tyramine/pressor amines: increase BP and cause hypertensive crisis. Aged cheese, brewers yeast, smoked meats, red wines.

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14
Q

SSRIS

A

Block the reuptake of serotonin with little to no known effect on norepinephrine. Treats depression and anxiety disorders (risk for suicide). -pram,-one.

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15
Q

How long does it take SSRIS to work

A

May take several weeks to work

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16
Q

Paroxetine

A

SSRI. Avoid at all cost. Causes congenital defects.

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17
Q

Lithium

A

Therapeutic level: 0.5-1.2.
Treats bipolar disorder.
Effects: lethargy, slurred speech, ataxia, clonic movements, arrhythmia

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18
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Treat schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and other psychotic disorders.

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19
Q

Typical antipsychotics

A

Dopamine receptor blockers, anti cholinergic, antihistamine, chlorpromazine (THORAZINE), haloperidol (haldol)

Lower dopamine

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20
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

A

-pines, -dones, -pip, -rip

Block dopamine, serotonin receptors

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21
Q

Extrapyramidal side effects

A

Pseudoparkinsonism: muscle tremors, cogwheel rigidity, drooling, shuffling gait

Dystonia: spasms of tongue, back, legs, unnatural neck twisting

Akathisia: constant feeling of insatiable restlessness

Tardive dyskinesia: not reversible, lip smacking, tongue darting, chewing movements

22
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome side effects

A

Extremely high fever, rigid muscles, irregular pulse, tachycardia, tachypnea, blood pressure changes

23
Q

Haloperidol

A

Antipsychotic. Headache, insomnia, confusion, tachycardia, hypotension, hypoglycemia, nausea, vomiting, anorexia

24
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

Methods of attempting to protect self and cope with basic drives

25
Q

Compensation

A

Overachievement in one area to make up for deficiencies in another area

26
Q

Conversion

A

An emotional conflict becomes a physical symptom

27
Q

Displacement

A

Venting intense feelings towards someone other than the person causing the feeling

28
Q

Dissociation

A

Dealing with an emotional conflict by a temporary alteration in consciousness/identity

29
Q

Denial

A

Person refuses to recognize or ignores reality

30
Q

Reaction formation

A

Acting the opposite of how you actually feel

31
Q

Rationalization

A

Excusing own behavior to deflect guilt/negative feelings

32
Q

Repression

A

Blocking painful memories from consciousness; subconscious

33
Q

Projection

A

Unconscious blaming/ shifting of unacceptable

34
Q

Sublimation

A

Substituting a socially acceptable activity for an activity that is not acceptable

35
Q

Suppression

A

Conscious suppression of feelings/emotions

36
Q

Peplau four phases of nurse patient relationship

A

Orientation: engaging the patient in treatment, providing explanation and information

Identification: patient works interdependently with the nurse, expresses feelings, and begins to feel stronger

Exploitation: patient makes full use of services offered

Resolution: patient no longer needs professional services and gives up dependent behavior; relationship ends

37
Q

Categories of crises

A

Maturational: predictable events in the normal course of life

Situational: unanticipated or sudden events

Adventitious: unusual, unexpected, may impact community

38
Q

Echopraxia

A

Mimicking the actions of others

39
Q

Circumstantial thinking

A

Eventually gets to the point but takes awhile to get there

40
Q

Perseverating

A

Going back over and over to the same idea despite attempts to redirect

41
Q

Word salad

A

Words are random and do not make sense

42
Q

Tangential speech

A

Never gets to the point

43
Q

Flight of ideas

A

Large amount of fast speech with no connection between ideas

44
Q

Loose associations

A

Jumping from one topic to another with no connections

45
Q

Thought blocking

A

Stopping in the middle of a sentence

46
Q

Delusions

A

Fixed/false belief

47
Q

Ideas of reference

A

Inaccurate interpretation that general events are personally directed to him or her

48
Q

Thought broadcasting

A

Belief that others can hear the patients thoughts

49
Q

Thought insertion

A

Belief that others are putting ideas in the patients mind

50
Q

Thought withdrawal

A

Belief that others are taking the patients thoughts way

Mental Health (1 decks)

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