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ANS 210 > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Any sheep, goat, or horse between 12 and 24 months of age is called a ______.

A

Yearling

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2
Q

A castrated male sheep or goat is called a _____.

A

wether

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3
Q

Which of the following are breeds of sheep maintained at Michigan State University?

A

Dorset and Suffork

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4
Q

The gestation length of sheep and goats is

A

5 months

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5
Q

The breed of sheep that is white with a black face is the ___________.

A

suffolk

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6
Q

The term used to describe a difficult birth, or when offspring are not in the correct position during delivery is dysphoria.

A

distocia

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7
Q

The reason or reasons that goats are dehorned include

A

handler safety and facility damage

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8
Q

Why are tails docked in lambs?

A

prevent fly strike

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9
Q

T/F. More people consume goat products worldwide than cattle products.

A

True

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10
Q

Goats are kept in the US for

A

Pets, production, land cleaning

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11
Q

T/F. There is no real market for goat meat in the Midwest, or the United States.

A

false

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12
Q

The dairy goat breed with the greatest milk production, that is also know as the Holstein of the goat world is the

A

saanen

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13
Q

An intact male bovine is called a

A

bull

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14
Q

A female bovine aged 2 years or over, that has produced a calf is called a

A

cow

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15
Q

A castrated male bovine is called a

A

steer

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16
Q

polled Hereford

A

red with white face
docial with good mothering traits

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17
Q

T/F. Cattle or other animals that are polled do not have horns either genetically or because they have been removed.

A

True

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18
Q

Prior to producing her first calf, a bovine female is called a

A

heifer

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19
Q

Which of the following countries are in the top 3 in cattle & buffalo numbers?

A

India
Brazil
Chine

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20
Q

Which of the following are in the top 3 countries in beef consumption?

A

Argentina

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21
Q

The leading state in beef cow numbers is

A

Texas

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22
Q

T/F. The leading state in beef cattle on feed is Nebraska.

A

Nebraska

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23
Q

Which of the following are part of the beef supply chain as described in lecture?

A

seedstock, background, food service

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24
Q

T/F. There are about 80 breeds of beef cattle in the U.S. with approximately 10 having a significant impact on the commercial beef industry.

A

False

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25
Q

Which of the following may be used to classify breeds of cattle?

A

Function
Origin

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26
Q

The purebred breed of black cattle produced at the MSU Beef Teaching & Research Cow Calf facility is

A

Angus

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27
Q

Which of the following Dairy breeds are frequently found in Michigan feedlots?

A

Holstein

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28
Q

Which of the following are true about Bos Indicus type breeds?

A

Brahman
heat tolorate, maternal, late puberty

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29
Q

T/F. Nineteen breeds of purebred cattle provide the genetic base, but make up less than 3% of the U.S. beef herd.

A

True

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30
Q

Which of the following represents the correct order of the U. S. Beef Production Cycle?

A

cow calf, weaning, stocker, feedlot

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31
Q

T/F. the mean Cow Calf herd size in the U.S. is 100 cows.

A

False, 8

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32
Q

Which of the following are true with regard to breeding beef cattle?

A

The average pregnancy rate in the fall is about 90% of cows exposed to breeding.

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33
Q

T/F. Mature cows will experience dystocia about 12% of the time.

A

False

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34
Q

Which of the following are true with respect to weaning beef calves?

A

Calves are typically vaccinated before they are weaned

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35
Q

Which of the following is true with respect to backgrounding or stocker programs?

A

Backgrounders are the middlemen between cow herds and feedlots
Goal is to obtain growth not fattening

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36
Q

Which of the following are not true with respect to the Feedlot Phase?

A

high roughage diets

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37
Q

T/F. Cattle use land to produce food for people that would otherwise be unusable

A

True

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38
Q

T/F. There is more estrogen in a 3 oz. portion of peas than in a similar sized portion of implanted beef.

A

True

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39
Q

T/F. The State Veterinarian for Michigan is Dr. Nora Wineland.

A

True

40
Q

Which of the following are true with respect to regulatory veterinary medicine?

A

-the State Veterinarian maintains a list and surveillance program of reportable diseases, such as Bovine TB.
-The State Veterinarian’s office is especially concerned with zoonotic diseases.
-The State Veterinarian is also responsible for protecting the health of Michigan cats and dogs.

41
Q

T/F. There are 9.4 million dairy cattle in the United States.

A

True

42
Q

how many dairy cows are in MI

A

420,000-430,000

43
Q

The number one state with respect to milk produced per cow is ___________.

A

Mi

44
Q

The number one Dairy state with respect to number of cows is _________.

A

California

45
Q

T/F. Dairy is the leading animal industry in the state of Michigan based on farm receipts.

A

True

46
Q

T/F. Horses and reindeer are a source of milk in some countries.

A

True

47
Q

The black and white Dairy breed used by MSU (and many others) is the

A

Holstein

48
Q

T/F. The average net income per Michigan Dairy cow is $3500$3,500.

A

False

49
Q

Which of the following are TRUE statements?

A-Conception is challenging in high producing cows.
B-The majority of Dairy cattle are bred by embryo transfer
C-A cow should calve every 20 months
D-None of the above

A

Conception is challenging in high production cows

50
Q

Which of the following are examples of biosecurity measures that may be taken to protect animal health?

A

Quarantine periods for new animals
Protective covering of boots and clothing
proper vaccination

51
Q

What is the role of the state veterinarian?

A

Protect, regulate, and promote animal health

52
Q

Name 3 reportable diseases of concern to Michigan’s State Veterinarian

A

-Rabies
-Bovine Tuberculosis
-Hand food and mouth disease
-avian Influenzas

53
Q

What is a female sheep of any age called?

A

ewe

54
Q

What is male sheep of any age called?

A

Ram

55
Q

What is a sheep under 12 months of age called?

A

Lamb

56
Q

What is a breed that excels in reproductive
efficiency and fitness traits called?

A

maternal

57
Q

What is a breed used to produce meat lambs called?

A

Terminal sire

58
Q

What is the a defined method of
producing sheep products called?

A

Production System

59
Q

True or False: Sheep and goats are far more productive and efficient than beef cattle and camelids

A

True

60
Q

What countries that lead the world in sheep production?

A

New Zealand, parts of Asia, and parts of Africa

61
Q

What are the largest sheep producing states in the US? (5)

A

Texas, California, Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah

62
Q

What do the Western US states produce regarding to sheep?

A

Primarily wooly production

63
Q

What do the Northern US states produce regarding to sheep?

A

Dual purpose production

64
Q

What do the Southern US states produce regarding to sheep?

A

Hair sheep- meat production

65
Q

Explain the difference between terminal and maternal sheep breeds, and give an example of each.

A

Maternal breeds are a good mother, makes adequative milk, easily raise 1-2 lambs without help ( ) and Terminal sire breeds used to produce meat lambs that excel in growth and meat traits ( )

66
Q

Provide examples of dairy goat breeds

A

Alpine, Saanen, and Nubian

67
Q

Provide examples of meat goat breeds

A

Boar Spanish, and Kiko

68
Q

Identify diseases of concern in goats (4 )

A

Johne’s, Caprine Arthritic Encephalitis (CAE), Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL), and overreating

69
Q

Describe an Angus

A

All black, some white on belly, low lean, high marbling, moderate milk, moderate puberty; maternal breed, Bos Taurus

70
Q

Describe a Hereford

A

Dominant white face w/ red body and ay have white stockings or white feather on neck. Low lean, high marbling, moderate milk, moderate puberty; maternal, Bos Taurus, can be polled

71
Q

Describe a Red Angus

A

Hair coat makes it different from angus (double recessive will give it the red color), low lean, high marbling, moderate milk, moderate puberty; maternal breed, Bos Taurus

72
Q

Describe a Simmental

A

Large size, High lean, moderate marbling, high milk, moderate puberty; multi-purpose (very high growth)

73
Q

Describe a Charolais

A

All white, Very high lean, low marbling, low milk, late puberty, Bos taurus, very high growth

74
Q

Describe a Limousin

A

Terminal breed, not enough fat to be maternal, red, highly muscled beef cattle, Bos Taurus Very high lean, low marbling, low milk, late puberty

75
Q

What is a young bull or bull castrated after sexual maturity called?

A

Bullock

76
Q

What is a bovine female between birth of first and second calf (yes, she should be called a cow)?

A

First cow heifer

77
Q

What is a bovine female born twin to a bull (usually infertile) called?

A

freemartin

78
Q

What is a heifer that has calved once, then fed for harvest called?

A

Heiferette

79
Q

What is a bull castrated after sexual maturity?

A

stag

80
Q

How many dairy cows in US?

A

9,400,000

81
Q

The number #1 dairy state for number of farms is?

A

Wisconsin

82
Q

The largest cost associated with producing milk annually is?

A

feed

83
Q

Describe the Holstein

A

From Holland, weigh 1400 lbs, black and white, highest milk production (25,639 lbs), good reproductively

84
Q

Describe the Jersey

A

From Jersey Isle, weigh 1000 lbs, fawn, blackish-brown, handles heat well, efficient (less feed than most),

85
Q

True or False: Dairy farming as a business provides a good way of life

A

True, Dairy farming as a way of life may not be a good business

86
Q

What reproductive tools are used in the dairy industry?

A

AI, Dairy Herd Improvement (Record Keeping), and Genomic Testing of DNA

87
Q

What is in concentrates?

A

corn, wheat, milo - high energy
soybean meal, cotton seed meal (worth well into rations) and other meals - high protein,

88
Q

What is in roughage?

A

Anything with a stem (corn silage, hay silage (haylage), hay

89
Q

What is the purpose of Heat Treatment of milk ?

A

Destroy pathogens (Primary), Destroy spoilage organisms , and Destroy endogenous enzymes

90
Q

What happens when milk is heat treated for 15 seconds at 72 C?

A

Pasteurized

91
Q

What happens when milk is heat treated for 4 seconds at 140 C?

A

UHT Sterilized

92
Q

What is the fluid milk processing?

A

Separation and Standardization, Heat Treatment, Homogenization, and Value-added process

93
Q

What are the top 3 meat companies in sales?

A

Tyson Foods, Inc, JBS USA, and Cargill Meat Solutions

94
Q

What are the main reasons that the study of toxicology began at MSU?

A

PCB Contamination in the Great Lakes and Michigan PBB Incident

95
Q

What are the most important traits economically in beef cattle breeds?

A

1) reproductive performance, (2) weaning weight, (3) postweaning growth, (4) feed efficiency, (5) carcass merit, (6) longevity (functional traits), (7) conformation, and (8) freedom from genetic defects.

96
Q

What are the seven critical management areas for a cow-calf producer?

A

-Herd nutrition
-Pasture and range management
-Herd health
-Financial management
-Marketing
-Production management (reproduction)
-Genetics

ANS 210 (2 decks)

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