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GIS > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is active remote sensing?

A

Using radio, sound, or light waves to collect data by allowing them to bounce off of an object and reflect back to a receiver. LiDAR, Sonar, and weather Radar

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2
Q

What is passive remote sensing?

A

Collecting data via images

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3
Q

What is spatial resolution?

A

Smaller pixels provide more information

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4
Q

What is spectral resolution?

A

More bands or wavelengths yield more information

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5
Q

What is geosynchronous orbit satellites?

A

Yield lots of low quality images of 1 location that are taken from a higher altitude.

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6
Q

What are Sun synchronous orbit satellites?

A

Fewer high quality images of many locations that are taken from lower altitude.

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7
Q

What data does LIDAR collect?

A

Elevation data, vegetation cover/biomass, uses light waves to collect data, and is an example of active remote sensing

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8
Q

What is NDVI

A

Indicates healthy and unhealthy vegetation by comparing reflection of near infrared and red light

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9
Q

What does healthy vegetation do?

A

Reflects more near infrared light

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10
Q

What does unhealthy vegetation do?

A

Absorbs more near infrared light

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11
Q

What are Lindsay images?

A

Multispectral imagery with high spectral resolution

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12
Q

What is change detection wizard?

A

Analyzes differences in overlapping pixels from multiple raster layers

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13
Q

What is select by attribute?

A

Uses logical statements to identify a subset from a vector dataset

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14
Q

What is discrete data?

A

A surface made of raster cells that shows a distinct and discernible region on a map

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15
Q

What is an example of discrete data of a surface?

A

Soil types in an area

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16
Q

What is continuous data?

A

Smooth transitions between the variation of the data

17
Q

What is an example of continuous data?

A

Elevation data

18
Q

What does the clip tool do and why do we use it?

A

Creates a new layer based in intersection of 2 vector datasets

19
Q

What is remote sensing in general?

A

A way of measuring environmental properties without direct contact

20
Q

What can LIDAR be used for?

A

Mayan cities were discovered by being able to strip off the trees and see beneath them

21
Q

What does Google maps use, passive or active remote sensing?

A

Passive because tells us precipitation, water temperature etc

22
Q

What is a buffer

A

Creates polygons around vector data to create a perimeter or specified distance around the vector dataset

23
Q

Join field

A

Adds data to attribute tables from another attribute table based on some common field

24
Q

Change detection wizard

A

Analyzes differences in overlapping pixels from multiple raster layers change overtime in raster data

25
Q

Temporal resolution

A

High resolution- many samples over time

26
Q

Ground truthing

A

A way to verify remotely sensed data

27
Q

Benefits and drawbacks of raster data

A

Pro- equal sized pixel. Each pixel has numerical data. Can stack data to be seen on one layer

Con- very large file slow processing time

28
Q

Euclidean distance

A

Straight line between 2 points based on a triangle. Considered the hypotenuse

29
Q

In terrain analysis, what is aspect?

A

Tells us what slope is facing in what direction so tells us what plants and animals face the sun.

30
Q

Which one is generally cooler. East or west facing slope

A

East

31
Q

Aspect tells us what

A

Slope, water content, amount of sun exposure

32
Q

What is DEM? How do we use it

A

Digital Elevation model that is associated with raster data. Mostly from LiDar data. Helps Provide us with information about slope, elevation, hillshade, aspect, and angles

33
Q

Interpolation

A

Takes point data and uses it to estimate the value for another location

34
Q

When and why we use interpolation

A

Temperature data can be assumed and it uses Euclidean distance to determine which points are nearest to each other.

35
Q

What is slope how to calculate it

A

Angle of topography measured in slope ratio.

36
Q

Suitability analysis steps

A
  1. Collect source layers
  2. Reclassification
  3. Create suitability layers
  4. Calculate weighted overlay

GIS (1 decks)

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