Exam #2 Flashcards
what inhibits sodium transport in the thick ascending loop of henle?
Loop diuretics such as
bumetanide, furosemide, torsemide and etacrynic acid
What drug produces diuresis by increasing renal tubular osmotic pressure
Mannitol
Which is true about diuretics
Spironolactone may help decrease/reverse aldosterone evoked cardiac hypertrophy in CHF patients
Diuretcs are therapeutic for
treat and manage HTN
treat and manage ascites
remove pulmonary edema
enhance renal excretion of a toxic drug
What drug produces metabolic acidosis with continued use?
Acetazolamide
What drug reduces urine output in patients with central diabetes insipidus?
Desmopressin
a patient has been taking lasix for 5 months, what is a side effect of chronic diuresis?
hypokalemia
What causes HTN and decreased preload by stimulating synthesis and release of vasodilatory prostaglandins?
Furodemide
Why should you not take asprin with loop diuretics?
because asprin blocks prostaglandin release
Diuretics are used therapeutically for
to lower arterial BP
to remove pulmonary edema
to increase excretion of toxic drugs
to reduce ascites fluid in pts with hepatic cirrhosis
the use of diuretics with digoxin to treat CHF can lead to
a reduction in blood volume and loss of potassium
which drug is used to prevent the renal tubular re-absorption of sodium caused by high blood levels of aldosterone?
spironolactone
HTCZ acts in the ________ to prevent the renal tubular absorption of sodium
the early portion of the distal convoluted tubule
Chronic use of _____ may cause hypokalemia
furosimide
which of the following it true regarding the use of Mannitol?
readily filtered at the glomerulus, does not cross the blood brain barrier, is not absorbed following oral administration, and is an osmotic diuretic
a patient taking digoxin and a thiazide diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following should be monitored carefully?
Serum Na, K, and Calcium levels
Drugs that modulate Phase 0
Na channel blockers and local anesthetics
Phase 0= rapid depolarization of cell
chronic use of local anesthetics
increases risk of sudden death
Local anesthetics and calcium channel blockers
slow conduction by decreasing slope of phase 0
ectopic pacemaker
pacemaker outside of SA Node
Heart failure is
the inability of heart to maintain cardiac output (CO)
leading cause if death
Diuretic drug of choice for heart failure
Loop diuretics
furosimide, bumetanide, torsemide
Diuretic of choice for heart failure
thiazides
hydrochlorithiazide
combination of ACE and Kcl sparing diuretic (spironolactone)
increases survival
Combination therapy in heart failure
ACE, B-Blocker, and diuretic is key to increased survival
