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NFS 1020 Exam 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is Soluble fiber?

A

dissolves in water forming a gel
Function: swells like a sponge giving food a jellylike bulk that makes you feel full

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2
Q

Helps prevent Heart Disease and Regulates blood glucose by slowing absorption of glucose

A

Soluble fiber

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3
Q

Insoluble fiber

A

Fiber that does not dissolve in water
Function: Provides bulking the intestine to ease elimination

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4
Q

Helps prevent constipation (diverticulitis) and decrease risk of colon cancer

A

Insoluble fiber

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5
Q

Benefits of fiber

A

Helps normalize blood cholesterol levels
Helps normalize blood glucose levels
Maintains healthy bowel functions
Softens stools
Speeds up transit time
Prevents constipation
Lower risk of hemorrhoids
Lower risk of diverticula
Decrease risk of Colon cancer

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6
Q

Starch

A

Food sources: Grains (rice, wheat,), Legumes (beans, lentils), starchy vegetables (potatoes, corn, peas)

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7
Q

starch functions

A

Long chains of glucose molecules linked together, Human digestive enzymes break down starch into glucose molecules in the GI tract

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8
Q

Small intestine, Mouth,

A

CHO organs

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9
Q

Whole grains, seeds, nuts, fruits, vegetables and legumes

A

Fiber food sources

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10
Q

Makes up cell walls and gives structure to plants

A

Starch functions

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11
Q

Found naturally in plants
Extracted from plants and added to food or take as a supplement

A

Total fiber

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12
Q

Men 19-50: 38g/day
Men> 50: 30g/day
Women 19-50: 25g/day
Women >50: 21g/day

A

Fiber recommendations

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13
Q

Storage form of CHO in animals, humans included

A

Glycogen

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14
Q

Made up of linked glucose molecules

A

Glycogen

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15
Q

Stored in liver & muscle

A

Glycogen

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16
Q

Many sugar molecules linked

A

Polysaccharides

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17
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Starch, glycogen, cellulose

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18
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Singular sugar molecule

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19
Q

Glucose, fructose, galactose

A

Monosaccharide

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20
Q

Disaccharide

A

Two sugar molecules linked

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21
Q

Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose

A

Disaccharide

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22
Q

45-65%

A

Carbohydrate AMDR/DRI

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23
Q

Bodies preferred energy source, Only macronutrient that can cross the blood barrier, only source of energy for red blood cells, source of fiber, adds sweetness and flavor to foods

A

Carbohydrates

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24
Q

Carbohydrate food sources

A

Grains/ Starches, Fruits/juices, Milk/dairy products, vegetables, sugars/sweets

25
Q

What are ketone bodies?

A

Ketones are excreted through the urine

26
Q

When are Ketones formed?

A

An excess of ketone bodies can accumulate in the blood causing ketosis

27
Q

what is the number of CHO needed a day to prevent ketosis?

A

50g

28
Q

Made using different types of grains

A

Multigrain

29
Q

Has not been refined to remove bran or germ

A

Whole grain

30
Q

Required that iron, niacin, thiamin, and riboflavin be added to all refined grain products

A

Enrichment

31
Q

Must receive insulin injections (shots or a pump)
Regular monitoring of blood glucose with a glucose monitor
CHO counting

A

Type 1 diabetes treatment

32
Q

Can be managed and even reversed with diet and exercise
Maintain a healthy body weight
Regular monitoring of glucose with a glucose monitor

A

Type 2 diabetes treatment

33
Q

High blood glucose during pregnancy
increase risk of high birth weight and pregnancy complications
Goes away after birth

A

Gestational Diabetes

34
Q

Diabetes symptoms:

A

Hyperglycemia, increased urination, increased thirst, weight loss, dehydration, Ketoacidosis: build of ketone bodies (can lead to a coma)

35
Q

Longtern diabetes complications:

A

Cornornary heart disease, amputation, bad blood lipid, hypertension, hypertension, eye problems, kidney problems, nerve damage

36
Q

Primary functions of Proteins

A

building hormones, enzymes, & other compounds

36
Q

Primary functions of Proteins

A

building hormones, enzymes, & other compounds

37
Q

Cannot be produced by our bodies, must get from food,

A

Essential Amino acids

38
Q

Cannot be made by our bodies

A

Nonessential amino acids

39
Q

How many essential amino acids are there?

A

9

40
Q

How many nonessential amino acids are there?

A

11

41
Q

What populations need more protein?

A

Infants/Children, Teens, Pregnant or lactating women, Athletes and 65 years or older

42
Q

what is the DRI for healthy adults?

A

56g

43
Q

Are protein supplements necessary?

A

Dietary protein is necessary fro building muscle tissue

44
Q

Are dietary supplements, not regulated, No level of use can be considered safe, possible digestive disturbance, Body handles whole proteins from food best

A

Amino acid supplements

44
Q

Are dietary supplements, not regulated, No level of use can be considered safe, possible digestive disturbance, Body handles whole proteins from food best

A

Amino acid supplements

45
Q

what is a complete protein?

A

It contains all 9 essential amino acids

46
Q

What is a complementary protein?

A

Two protein sources that together supply all 9 essential amino acids

47
Q

What is a high quality protein? Food sources

A

High quality contains all 9 essential amino acids
Food sources: meat, eggs, fish, dairy

48
Q

lacto-ovo vegetarian

A

includes Dairy products & eggs
no meat or seafood

49
Q

Lacto-vegetarian

A

Includes dairy products
No meat, seafood, or eggs

50
Q

Ovo-vegetarian

A

includes eggs
No dairy products, meat, or seafood

51
Q

Pescatarian

A

Includes fish and seafood

52
Q

Vegan

A

only plant foods
no animal food products

53
Q

Flexitarian

A

Eats mostly plant-based foods
Occasionally eats meat or seafood

54
Q

what are the health benefits of plant-based diets

A

Lower intake of unhealthy fat and total energy
Lower body fat
Lower Blood pressure
Reduce risk of heart disease
Reduce risk of some types cancer
Fewer digestive problems

55
Q

Low levels of lactase in the intestines

A

Lactose intolerance

56
Q

What are the cancer diet risks?

A

Body fatness
Physical inactivity
Alcohol consumption
Poor nutrition

57
Q

What are prevention methods for cancer?

A

Achieve and maintain a healthy weight throughout life,
Be physically active on a basis,
Avoid or limit alcohol,
Follow a healthy eating pattern at all ages

NFS 1020 Exam 2 (1 decks)

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