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Intro to PT > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Seat Height/ Leg length

A

19.5 - 20.5

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2
Q

Seat Depth

A

16 in

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3
Q

Seat Width

A

18 in

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4
Q

Back height

A

16-16.5

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5
Q

Armrest height

A

9 in

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6
Q

average temp

A

96.8-99.3

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7
Q

pyrexic

A

100

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8
Q

hyperpyrexic

A

106

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9
Q

adult pulse

A

60 to 100 bpm

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10
Q

newborn pulse

A

100 to 150bpm

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11
Q

Child pulse

A

70 to 130 bpm

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12
Q

BP average

A

less than 120/80

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13
Q

Systolic BP

A

90-140

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14
Q

Diastolic BP

A

60-90

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15
Q

hyperextensive crisis

A

greater than 180/110

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16
Q

High normal BP

A

130-139/ 80-89

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17
Q

Low normal BP

A

110/75

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18
Q

hypertension

A

180/120

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19
Q

no more than 20mmHg

A

Systolic

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20
Q

no more than 10mmHg

A

Diastolic

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21
Q

normal RR

A

12-18 breaths per minute

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22
Q

Pulse Ox

A

95-100%

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23
Q

Pain Scale

A

0-10

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24
Q

sites of temp

A

oral, rectal, axillary, ear canal, inginual

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25
Q

sites of pulse

A

temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsal pedal, posterior tibialis, apex of heart- apical

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26
Q

where to find BP

A

radial artery

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27
Q

where to find RR

A

thorax/ abdomen

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28
Q

where to find pulse ox

A

finger

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29
Q

rapid HR greater than 100

A

tachycardia

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30
Q

slow HR less than 60

A

bradycardia

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31
Q

65+ HR

A

decrease

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32
Q

young HR

A

increase

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33
Q

male HR is

A

lower

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34
Q

BP in young, systolic is

A

lower

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35
Q

BP in 65+, systolic is

A

higher

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36
Q

physical activity in BP

A

increases

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37
Q

Diastolic stays the same in

A

physical activity

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38
Q

systolic increases / decreases by

A

15-20

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39
Q

food consumption in BP

A

decreases

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40
Q

tobacco/ alc in BP

A

increases

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41
Q

dehydration in BP

A

lowers

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42
Q

cardiac output systolic BP

A

increases with increasing cardiac

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43
Q

what will change BP

A

stress, arteries, arm position

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44
Q

BP increases, put arm

A

low

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45
Q

BP decreases, put arm

A

high

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46
Q

factors with hypertension

A

obesity, physical inactivity, nicotine, alc, salt, arteriosclerosis, DM, diet, age

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47
Q

abnormal respiratory

A

above 20 below 10

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48
Q

what to observe during RR

A

rate, rhythm, depth, character

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49
Q

Blood Oc will drop ___% with exercise

A

2-3%

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50
Q

seat too narrow will cause

A

pressure ulcers, poor posture, reduced balance, difficulty propelling and difficult transfers

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51
Q

modified independence

A

always has device (walker, cane)

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52
Q

uneven terrain in WC

A

go backwards, rear wheels go first, larger surface area is able to overcome uneven ground. also pop wheelies

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53
Q

Good MAP

A

70-100 mmHg

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54
Q

how to go through door with WC

A

user reaches forward and placed one hand on the foot frame and other on the door or door’s frame other side. pull with both hands, WC is moved through

55
Q

confirming proper fit of WC

A

90 degree bend in knees and ankles, bottom all the way back in seat, thighs parallel to ground, knees should be in line with hips

56
Q

Max assist

A

25-49%

57
Q

Mod assist

A

50-74%

58
Q

Min Assist

A

75+%

59
Q

evaluation of WC

A

sitting balance, stability, transfer method, ability to change position, posture

60
Q

caster wheels

A

small front wheels

61
Q

drive wheels

A

big back and has bar underneath that connects

62
Q

wheel locks

A

toggle, z or scissor, axillary, caster locks

63
Q

footrest

A

fixed footrest, swingaway, elevating leg rest

64
Q

restraints

A

lap (waist) belt, chest belt

65
Q

what to promote in WC

A

function, prevent deformity, body alignment, prevent tissue damage, use special support

66
Q

types of wheelchairs

A

semi reclining, fully reclining, externally powered, sport, lightweight, and folding

67
Q

assisted functional activities

A

ascending/ descending curbs, stairs, slopes, rough soft, elevators, doorways

68
Q

transferring is a

A

safe movement of a person from one surface/ position to another

69
Q

independent

A

modified independence

70
Q

assistance

A

SBA, CGA, Min-Mod-Max assist

71
Q

dependent

A

total assist

72
Q

CGA

A

first time treating patient, instead, multiple loss of balance

73
Q

SBA

A

patient needs verbal / tactile cues, no guarding with contact

74
Q

WB Status

A

FWB, WBAT, TTWB, NWB

75
Q

with THR avoid

A

hip add, rotation, flex greater than 90 degrees

76
Q

low back tramua avoid

A

excessive lumbar rotation
teach log roll

77
Q

THA

A

total hip arthroplasty

78
Q

most common for hip replacement

A

posterior lateral

79
Q

spinal cord injury (SCI) avoid

A

distraction and rotational forces
do logroll

80
Q

when a SCI do supine you sit and monitor

A

BP may syncope (watch for osteoporosis)

81
Q

burns avoid

A

shearing force

82
Q

hemiplega avoid

A

pulling on involved extremity, laying on bad extremity

83
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

drop in BP because change in position

84
Q

recumbent

A

patient needs to be in seated position

85
Q

how to transfer

A

instruct patient, gait belt, proper footwear, move to edge of surface, lean forward, nose over toes, transfer to strong side, 45 degree surface to surface

86
Q

documentation of transfers

A
  • type of transfer used
    -level of assistance
    -surface the patient transferred to and from
    -any precautions
    -patients ability to demonstrate safety techniques
    -equipment used if any
    -progression towards independence (goals)
87
Q

vital signs are

A

temp
heart rate
blood pressure
respiratory rate
pulse oximetry
pain
gait speed

88
Q

need to have a resting balance

A

over 65 or under 2
history of cardiovascular problems
trama/ surgery
icu

89
Q

pulse oximetry

A

oxygen in blood
below 95% is dangerous
below 90% is bad once exercising

90
Q

get low pulse ox to do

A

pursed lip breathing

91
Q

what may happen if low oxygen in blood

A

syncope, will turn blue

92
Q

factors that cause increase/ decrease in temp

A

level or amount in physical activity
environment temp, age, emotional stress
physiological status, medications

93
Q

adverse reactions to activity

A

mental confusion, fatigue, lethargy, slow reactions, nausea, syncope, vertigo, diaphoresis, chance in appearance- pallor, loss of consciousness

94
Q

most common single value of temp

A

98.6

95
Q

most accurate temp location

A

rectal

96
Q

pulse is an

A

indirect measure of contraction of left ventricle movement of blood in artery

97
Q

all vitals must be at least

A

60 seconds

98
Q

hypotension

A

slow HR

99
Q

hypertension

A

fast HR

100
Q

strong and regular

A

even beats with good force

101
Q

weak and regular

A

even beats with poor force

102
Q

irregular

A

both strong and weak beats

103
Q

thready

A

weak force irregular beats

104
Q

abnormal responses by pulse

A

slow increase during activity
does not increase in activity

continues to increase/ decrease as activity plateaus

slow decline at activity declines or is terminated
does not decline as activity declines
declines before activity declines
HR exceeds excepted for activity level
irregular rhythm

105
Q

blood pressure is

A

effects of cardiac output
systolic/ diastolic

106
Q

tools for blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer (bp cuff) and stethoscope

107
Q

systole

A

contraction of left ventricle
K level I sound

108
Q

diastole

A

rest period of heart
K level V sound

109
Q

Phase I

A

first faint clear tapping sound

110
Q

Phase II

A

swishing sound

111
Q

Phase III

A

crisp and loud

112
Q

Phase IV

A

abrupt muffling until quality is heard

113
Q

which phase is best indicator for diastolic pressure

A

phase IV

114
Q

phase V

A

disappearing of sound
(second diastolic pressure phase)

115
Q

Stages of BP

A

140/90 stage 1
160/100 stage 2
180/110 stage 3
210/120 stage 4

116
Q

rate

A

breaths per minute

117
Q

depth

A

volume of air exchanged with each respiration

118
Q

rhythm

A

regularity of a pattern

119
Q

character

A

deviations from normal

120
Q

aspena

A

absence of breathing

121
Q

dyspnea

A

labored breathing

122
Q

orthopnea

A

condition in breathing is easier when a person is seated or standing

123
Q

rale

A

abnormal discontinuous sound heard on auscultation of chest, Crackle

124
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

125
Q

stridor

A

shrill harsh sound secondary to tracheal or largyngeal obstruction

126
Q

wheezes

A

secondary to restricted airway and expiration

127
Q

cheyenne stokes

A

cycles of breathing increases dapper followed by respiration

128
Q

most reliable indicator of pain

A

self report

129
Q

pain screen

A

quantified rating of intensity of pain

130
Q

scales of pain

A

FLACC, Visual analog (faces), McGill Pain questionnaire, Numeric pain

131
Q

pain assessment

A

location, intensity, duration, aggravating, relieving factors, daily activity, sleep patterns, psychological effects

132
Q

nonpharamcologic interventions

A

application of physical agents- tens, heat
positioning
massage
distraction
relaxation

133
Q

Blood volume heart rate

A

decreases

134
Q

muscle contraction heart rate

A

increases

Intro to PT (2 decks)

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