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MARK 201 > Exam #2 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Where and When was the first Juvenile Court?

A

Cook County, 1899

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2
Q

What are Juvenile Status Offenses?

A

Crimes that are only considered unlawful as a minor. (truancy, runaway)

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3
Q

What is Juvenile delinquency?

A

felony, misdemeanor

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4
Q

Arrest

A

does not equal detention, up to the officers discretion

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5
Q

Referral

A

The case goes to states attorney, who decides what is next

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6
Q

Adjudication

A

admittance of crime or it goes to trial

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7
Q

Crime Data Sources

A

Uniform Crime Reports (FBI), National Incident-Based Reporting System, and the National Crime Victimization Survey

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8
Q

Restorative Justice

A

focused on rehabilitation of offender

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9
Q

Retributive Justice

A

focused on punishment of offender

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10
Q

3 Components of the Juvenile CJS

A

courts, judges, corrections

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11
Q

When and what is the Juvenile Court Act?

A

1899, youth should not be mixed with criminals, individual diagnosis and treatment

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12
Q

Kent vs. US

A

Lacksuit for lack of due process, because Kent was sent to an adult prison without hearings

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13
Q

Kent Decision and impacts

A

brought about procedural and evidentiary standards, took into consideration record and previous history as well as seriousness of allegations

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14
Q

In Re Gault (1967)

A

15y boy on probation taken into custody without parents being notified
gave way to the right of counsel, notice, right against self-incrimination and right to confront witness

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15
Q

In Re Winship

A

proof beyond a REASONABLE DOUBT for the standard at juvenile proceedings, no longer preponderance of the evidence

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16
Q

House Of Refuge

A

1824, the first US reformatory program that kept youth that was convicted of criminal offenses or found in vacancy. They were given apprenticeships, but many were in prison with harsh disciplines

17
Q

Functions of Probation

A

Decriminalization, integrating rather than isolating and diverson

18
Q

Due Process

A

no person shall be deprived of life,liberty, or property without due process

19
Q

Consensus Theory

A

An act is criminal when it offends members of each society

20
Q

Breed V Jones

A

juvenile can not be adjudicated in juvenile court and then tried for the same offense in adult criminal court

21
Q

Conflict Theory

A
22
Q

Classical View

A

Individuals have free will. Some commit while others do not. The focus is on the crime

23
Q

Positivist View

A

Not free will but by biological or cultural factors. focus is on the criminal

24
Q

Deterrence view

A

crime is an element of choice, and a product of human-behavior due to multiple enviroments

25
Q

What are the most formative years of child development?

A

birth to age 3

26
Q

When is the most aggresive age?

A

2

27
Q

Mala in Se

A

acts considered immoral or wrong in themselves (murder)
common law

28
Q

Mala Prohibita

A

infringe on others rights, not evil by nature

29
Q

Physiological Theories

A

Criminals are morally insane and personality is developed in early childhood. Families are criminal and continue to produce generational crime
EX) Sociological and Learning theories

30
Q

5 Basic Domains for Risk

A

Individual
Family
School
Peers
Community

31
Q

Individual Risk Factors

A

early antisocial behavior, conduct disorders, being male, being black/hispanic

32
Q

Family Risk Factors

A

single parent, divorced, blended, family violence, incarceration

33
Q

Peer Risk Factors

A

how your peers percieve you weighs heavily, skipping school, gang involvement

34
Q

School Risk Factors

A

lack of connection to teachers/staff, fighting with peers/adults, dropping out, suspension/explusion

35
Q

Community Risk Factors

A

availability of drugs/alcohol, access to guns, safety concerns

36
Q

Principles of Effective Intervention

A

Risk (who)
Need (criminogenic need)
Responsibility (how)

37
Q

Protective Factors

A

healthy beliefs, effective parenting, standards and rules in school, pro-social, safe environment

38
Q

Why are attitudes/values/beliefs important?

A

because if a child has a pro-criminal sentiment, nothing will change

MARK 201 (1 decks)

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