Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 418: Complex Care > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Tidal Volume?
Normal Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air delivered to patient per breath
6-8 mL/k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

High pressure alarm causes

A

Vent is working harder!!!! high = hard!

Pt biting vent
Bite block
Pt needs suctioning (requires more air!)
Pt coughing/gagging
Bronchospasm
Pt change in status. Listen to lungs!!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Low Pressure Vent alarm causes

A

Vent is not able to work!

Check connections, ET placement, cuff pressure, LEAK in system, did pt extubate?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A/C Vent

Risk of:

A

hyperventilation

Vent takes full control, and if pt initiates breath, they get the FULL breath backed by the vent!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SIMV vent

Risk of:

A

Risk of hypoventilation
Pt contributes to more work of breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Causes of Metabolic Acidosis

A

Ketoacidosis
Lactic acid accumulation (shock)
Severe diarrhea
Kidney disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis

A

Prolonged vomiting or gastric suction
Gain of HCO3-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of Respiratory Acidosis

How do the kidneys compensate?

A

Hypoventilation
Respiratory failure

Kidneys retain HCO3 and expel H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis

A

Hyperventilation
Hypoxemia from acute resp. disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What FiO2 is dangerous for a patient?

A

Greater than 60% for more than 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is acute respiratory failure?

A

The inability to either provide O2 or eliminate CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of hypoxemia (acute respiratory distress)
Level that is considered hypoxemic:

A
  • hypoventilation
  • VQ mismatch
  • intrapulmonary shunting
  • diffusion deficits

<60mmHg PaO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes of hypercapnia (acute respiratory distress)
Level that is considered hypercapnic: >45mmHg

A
  • hypoventilation
  • neuromuscular defects (diaphragm doesn’t work)
  • chest wall abnormalities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ARF Nursing interventions

A

-O2 therapy
-mobilize secretions (move pt, sit up)
-bronchodilators and corticosteroids
-drug therapy
-nutritional support
-hemodynamic monitoring
-rest and emotional care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to calculate FiO2

A

21% RA + 3-4% per 1L O2 added.

PaO2 of 80, FiO2 of .34= 493 or something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PaO2:FiO2 ratios

Normal values:
Mild ARDS:
Moderate ARDS:
Severe ARDS:

A

Normal values: 300-500
Mild ARDS: 200-300
Moderate ARDS: 100-200
Severe ARDS: 0-100

17
Q

ARDS Clinical Manifestations

A

Initial: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, restlessness, fine crackles, mild hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis (tachypnea causing blowing off of too much Co2). normal to scattered CXR

18
Q

Uncompensated ABG:

A

pH and either CO2 or HCO3 abnormal

19
Q

Partially compensated ABG:

A

All abnormal (HCO3, PaO2, CO2)

20
Q

Full compensated ABG:

A

Normal pH, Abnormal HCO2, Abnormal CO2.

21
Q

IV drip rate for insulin:

A

0.1 U/kg/hr to correct hyperglycemia

22
Q

Safe drop of blood glucose

A

36-54 mg/dL / hour

23
Q

Complications of IHD

A

Hypotension (preexisting hypovolemia/ rapid fluid removal, too much removed), Dysrhythmias due to rapid shift in K+, potential for decrease in arterial O2, dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, bleeding

24
Q

Complications of CCRT

A

Infection
Bleeding

25
Q

Complications of PD

A

Infection
Hernia
Bleeding
Pulmonary complications

26
Q

Renal transplant considerations

A

Best treatment option for ESRD
Close monitoring in ICU for 12-24 hrs
Pt will have rapid diuresis post op. If not, thats concerning and means a complication.
Need CVP readings for fluid status monitoring
electrolyte monitoring (hypokal and hyponat. d/t rapid diuresis).
Anti rejection meds

27
Q

CMs of Metabolic acidosis

A

Headache, decreased BP, Hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm and flushed skin, N/V/D, changes in LOC, kussmaul respirs

28
Q

CMs of Metabolic Alkalosis

A

Restlessness followed by lethargy, dysrhythmias (tachycardia), compensatory hypoventilation, confusion, N/V/D, tremors, muscle cramps, hypokalemia

29
Q

CMs of Resp. Alkalosis

A

Seizures, kussmaul respirations, hyperventilation, tachycardia, hypokalemia, numbness, lethargy and confusion,

NUR 418: Complex Care (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions